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opened up issues

  • 1 plantear una cuestión

    (v.) = bring forth + issue, issue + arise, pose + question, raise + argument, raise + issue, raise + point, open up + issue
    Ex. I believe that the issues brought forth and debated in the following papers and discussions are as timely today as they were when the institutes were first held.
    Ex. These three areas for decisions lead, in the specific instance of periodical articles, to a number of issues that commonly arise and must be settled in the interests of consistency in citation practices.
    Ex. The commentary poses questions to help a library think through a project.
    Ex. These examples do raise a major argument: by identifying these areas for action are we not promoting certain ideas and views?.
    Ex. This chapter attempts to raise some of the issues that are common to any citation standard.
    Ex. I agree generally with the points raised by Professor Lubetzky.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * * *
    (v.) = bring forth + issue, issue + arise, pose + question, raise + argument, raise + issue, raise + point, open up + issue

    Ex: I believe that the issues brought forth and debated in the following papers and discussions are as timely today as they were when the institutes were first held.

    Ex: These three areas for decisions lead, in the specific instance of periodical articles, to a number of issues that commonly arise and must be settled in the interests of consistency in citation practices.
    Ex: The commentary poses questions to help a library think through a project.
    Ex: These examples do raise a major argument: by identifying these areas for action are we not promoting certain ideas and views?.
    Ex: This chapter attempts to raise some of the issues that are common to any citation standard.
    Ex: I agree generally with the points raised by Professor Lubetzky.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.

    Spanish-English dictionary > plantear una cuestión

  • 2 suscitar una cuestión

    (v.) = evoke + issue, open up + issue
    Ex. This project evoked several issues, including preservation, software, bibliographic records, staffing, and patron access.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * * *
    (v.) = evoke + issue, open up + issue

    Ex: This project evoked several issues, including preservation, software, bibliographic records, staffing, and patron access.

    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.

    Spanish-English dictionary > suscitar una cuestión

  • 3 concebible

    adj.
    conceivable, cogitable, comprehensible, devisable.
    * * *
    1 conceivable, imaginable
    * * *
    ADJ conceivable, thinkable

    no es concebible que... — it is unthinkable that...

    * * *
    adjetivo conceivable
    * * *
    = conceivable, thinkable.
    Ex. This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * * *
    adjetivo conceivable
    * * *
    = conceivable, thinkable.

    Ex: This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.

    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.

    * * *
    conceivable
    * * *
    conceivable, imaginable
    * * *
    adj conceivable
    * * *
    : conceivable

    Spanish-English dictionary > concebible

  • 4 coyuntura

    f.
    1 moment.
    la coyuntura económica the economic situation
    2 joint.
    3 juncture.
    4 trend situation.
    * * *
    1 ANATOMÍA joint, articulation
    2 figurado (circunstancia) moment, juncture
    \
    coyuntura económica economic situation
    coyuntura política political situation
    coyuntura social social situation
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Anat) joint
    2) (=momento) juncture

    en esta coyuntura — at this juncture, at this moment in time

    coyuntura crítica — critical moment, critical juncture, conjuncture frm

    3) (=situación) situation
    * * *
    1) (Anat) joint
    2) (frml o period) ( situación) situation
    * * *
    = juncture, conjuncture.
    Ex. For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * alcanzar una coyuntura crítica = reach + a critical juncture.
    * coyuntura decisiva = turning point, Posesivo + road to Damascus.
    * en esta coyuntura = at this juncture.
    * * *
    1) (Anat) joint
    2) (frml o period) ( situación) situation
    * * *
    = juncture, conjuncture.

    Ex: For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.

    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * alcanzar una coyuntura crítica = reach + a critical juncture.
    * coyuntura decisiva = turning point, Posesivo + road to Damascus.
    * en esta coyuntura = at this juncture.

    * * *
    A ( Anat) joint
    B ( frml o period) (situación) situation
    la coyuntura socioeconómica the socioeconomic climate o situation
    a la espera de una coyuntura más favorable awaiting more favorable circumstances
    aprovechó la coyuntura para irse he took advantage of the situation o opportunity to leave
    * * *

    coyuntura sustantivo femenino (Anat) joint
    coyuntura sustantivo femenino
    1 Anat (de los huesos) articulation, joint
    2 fig (circunstancia) juncture
    (situación) situation
    ' coyuntura' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    ocasión
    - caso
    - situación
    English:
    fluid
    - unhappy
    - juncture
    * * *
    1. [situación] situation;
    la coyuntura económica the economic situation;
    en la coyuntura actual no es posible hablar de expansión the way things are at the moment, it's impossible to talk of expanding;
    aprovechó la coyuntura para solicitar un préstamo he took advantage of the opportunity to ask for a loan
    2. [articulación] joint
    * * *
    f
    1 situation
    2 ANAT joint
    * * *
    1) articulación: joint
    2) : occasion, moment

    Spanish-English dictionary > coyuntura

  • 5 factible

    adj.
    feasible.
    * * *
    1 feasible, practicable, workable
    * * *
    adj.
    feasible, practicable
    * * *
    * * *
    adjetivo possible, feasible
    * * *
    = workable, feasible, practicable, realisable [realizable, -USA], satisfiable, doable.
    Ex. The type of environment in which the principles of pre-coordination are workable are restricted by the acceptable bulk or length of index headings.
    Ex. Other words which might be feasible access points in a general index prove worthless in an index devoted to a special subject area.
    Ex. Now, with computerized data-bases and vast amounts of data in transit, access to it -- authorized and unauthorized -- is more practicable.
    Ex. Barbara Tillett's vision of one seamless bibliographic system, either real or virtual, looks realizable over a 5 to 10 year horizon.
    Ex. The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * hacer factible = make + feasible.
    * ser factible de = be amenable to.
    * solución factible = workable solution.
    * * *
    adjetivo possible, feasible
    * * *
    = workable, feasible, practicable, realisable [realizable, -USA], satisfiable, doable.

    Ex: The type of environment in which the principles of pre-coordination are workable are restricted by the acceptable bulk or length of index headings.

    Ex: Other words which might be feasible access points in a general index prove worthless in an index devoted to a special subject area.
    Ex: Now, with computerized data-bases and vast amounts of data in transit, access to it -- authorized and unauthorized -- is more practicable.
    Ex: Barbara Tillett's vision of one seamless bibliographic system, either real or virtual, looks realizable over a 5 to 10 year horizon.
    Ex: The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * hacer factible = make + feasible.
    * ser factible de = be amenable to.
    * solución factible = workable solution.

    * * *
    possible, feasible
    * * *

     

    factible adjetivo
    possible, feasible
    factible adjetivo practicable, feasible
    ' factible' also found in these entries:
    English:
    doable
    - feasible
    - practicable
    - viable
    - workable
    - practical
    * * *
    feasible
    * * *
    adj feasible
    * * *
    : feasible, practicable

    Spanish-English dictionary > factible

  • 6 imaginable

    adj.
    imaginable, conceivable.
    * * *
    1 imaginable
    * * *
    ADJ imaginable, conceivable

    no es imaginable que... — it is difficult to imagine o conceive that...

    * * *
    adjetivo imaginable
    * * *
    = conceivable, imaginable, thinkable.
    Ex. This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.
    Ex. The actual or potential availability of virtually any imaginable data bases on CD-ROM is now a reality.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * inimaginable = unimaginable.
    * * *
    adjetivo imaginable
    * * *
    = conceivable, imaginable, thinkable.

    Ex: This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.

    Ex: The actual or potential availability of virtually any imaginable data bases on CD-ROM is now a reality.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * inimaginable = unimaginable.

    * * *
    imaginable
    * * *
    imaginable, conceivable
    * * *
    adj imaginable
    * * *
    : imaginable, conceivable

    Spanish-English dictionary > imaginable

  • 7 posible

    adj.
    possible.
    es posible que llueva it could rain
    dentro de lo posible, en lo posible as far as possible
    de ser posible if possible
    hacer posible to make possible
    hacer (todo) lo posible to do everything possible
    lo antes posible as soon as possible
    ¿cómo es posible que no me lo hayas dicho antes? how could you possibly not have told me before?
    ¡será posible! I can't believe this!
    ¡no es posible! surely not!
    * * *
    1 possible
    1 (dinero) means
    \
    de ser posible if possible
    hacer todo lo posible to do one's best
    * * *
    adj.
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [opción, solución] possible

    un posible comprador — a possible o potential buyer

    • hacer algo posible — to make sth possible

    • entra dentro de lo posible — it is within the bounds of possibility

    • en la medida de lo posible — as far as possible, insofar as possible frm

    • haremos todo lo posible por evitarlo — we shall do everything possible o all we can to avoid it

    2)

    • es posible — (=probable, permitido) it is possible; (=realizable) it is feasible

    -¿crees que vendrá? -es posible — "do you think he'll come?" - "possibly o he might o it's possible"

    ¡eso no es posible! — it can't be!, that's not possible!

    • es posible hacer algo — it is possible to do sth

    ¿sería posible comprar todavía las entradas? — would it still be possible to buy tickets?

    • es posible que + subjun —

    es posible que no pueda ir — I might o may not be able to go

    es muy posible que vuelva tarde — it's quite possible that I'll be back late, I may well be back late

    • a o de ser posible — if possible

    • si es posible — if possible

    si es posible, me gustaría verlo — I'd like to see him if possible

    le ruego que, si le es posible, acuda a la reunión — please come to the meeting if you possibly can

    si me fuera posible, te lo diría — if I could o if it were possible, I would tell you

    - ¿será posible?

    ¡pues sí que eres descarado! ¿será posible? — I can't believe you are so cheeky!

    ¿será posible que no haya venido? — I can't believe he hasn't come!

    2.
    ADV

    • lo más... posible — as... as possible

    mejor 1., 2), c)
    3.
    SMPL Esp means
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo possible

    ¿crees que ganará? - es posible — do you think he'll win? - he might (do) o it's possible

    a ser posible or (CS) de ser posible — if possible

    haré lo posible por or para ayudarte — I'll do what I can to help you

    prometió ayudarlo dentro de lo posible or en lo posible or en la medida de lo posible — she promised to do what she could to help (him)

    será posible! — (fam) I don't believe this! (colloq)

    ¿que se ha casado? no es posible! — he's got(ten) married? I don't believe it! o that can't be true! (colloq)

    ser posible — (+ me/te/le etc)

    ser posible + INF — to be possible to + inf

    no fue posible avisarles — it was impossible to let them know; (+ me/te/le etc)

    ¿le sería posible recibirme hoy? — would you be able to see me today?

    ser posible QUE + SUBJ: es posible que sea cierto it might o may o could be true; es posible que se haya perdido it may have got(ten) lost; ¿será posible que no lo sepa? — surely she must know!

    II
    * * *
    = eligible, feasible, manageable, possible, potential, prospective, viable, would-be + Nombre, conceivable, plausible, candidate, realisable [realizable, -USA], satisfiable, doable, likely.
    Ex. And yet, everyone knows that historically only a very small portion of the eligible users have ever crossed the threshold of a public library.
    Ex. Other words which might be feasible access points in a general index prove worthless in an index devoted to a special subject area.
    Ex. In simple terms, the essence of subject organisation is the division of literature (or references to literature) into manageable, or scannable categories, with each category being associated with an index term.
    Ex. Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex. The system permits the requester to specify up to five potential lending libraries, and the system transmits the requests to these libraries one at a time.
    Ex. The advocacy of title entry for serials implies an ideology which focuses on the publication as the principal object of interest of the prospective library user rather than the work conveyed by the book or publication.
    Ex. With printed thesauri there are limits on space, if the publication is to be economically viable, and easy to handle.
    Ex. The only viable alternatives open to would-be users are to produce or commission the production of custom-made application programs.
    Ex. This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.
    Ex. This incompleteness of search and retrieval therefore makes possible, and plausible, the existence of undiscovered public knowledge.
    Ex. A thesaurus developed with such a module can support the addition of candidate terms to the thesaurus during the indexing process.
    Ex. Barbara Tillett's vision of one seamless bibliographic system, either real or virtual, looks realizable over a 5 to 10 year horizon.
    Ex. The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    Ex. The most likely causes of brain damage among low birthweight infants are prematurity and infections, not oxygen starvation.
    ----
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * arreglárselas lo mejor posible = make + the best of things.
    * arreglarse lo mejor posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * a ser posible = if possible.
    * candidato posible = eligible party.
    * considerar como posible = entertain as + a possibility.
    * cuando antes + Pronombre + sea posible = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la mejor manera posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * dentro de lo posible = as far as possible.
    * durante tanto tiempo como sea posible = for as long as possible.
    * en las mejores condiciones posibles = in the best possible conditions.
    * hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.
    * hacer posible = provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.
    * hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.
    * hacer todo lo posible = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + the best + Nombre + may, do + the best + Nombre + can, try + hard, try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out, work + hard, give + Posesivo + best.
    * hacer todo lo posible (dado) = do + the best possible (with).
    * hacer todo lo posible para = every effort + be + made to.
    * hacer todo lo posible por = go to + any lengths to, go to + great lengths to, endeavour [endeavor, -USA], take + (great) pains to.
    * hasta donde es posible = as far as possible.
    * hasta donde sea posible = as far as possible.
    * lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.
    * lo menos posible = as little as possible.
    * posible comprador = suitor.
    * posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.
    * posible de ser visto en pantalla = displayable.
    * sacar el mejor partido posible = get + the best of both worlds, get + the best of all worlds.
    * ser posible la coexistencia entre... = there + be + room for both....
    * ser posible (que) = be likely (to).
    * siempre que + ser + posible = whenever possible, when possible.
    * si eso no es posible = failing that/these.
    * si es posible = if possible.
    * si + ser + posible = when possible, whenever possible.
    * tan pronto como + Pronombre + sea posible = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.
    * tan pronto como sea posible = as soon as possible (asap).
    * tanto como sea posible = as far as possible.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener solución posible = be soluble.
    * todo es posible = all bets are off, the sky is the limit.
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo possible

    ¿crees que ganará? - es posible — do you think he'll win? - he might (do) o it's possible

    a ser posible or (CS) de ser posible — if possible

    haré lo posible por or para ayudarte — I'll do what I can to help you

    prometió ayudarlo dentro de lo posible or en lo posible or en la medida de lo posible — she promised to do what she could to help (him)

    será posible! — (fam) I don't believe this! (colloq)

    ¿que se ha casado? no es posible! — he's got(ten) married? I don't believe it! o that can't be true! (colloq)

    ser posible — (+ me/te/le etc)

    ser posible + INF — to be possible to + inf

    no fue posible avisarles — it was impossible to let them know; (+ me/te/le etc)

    ¿le sería posible recibirme hoy? — would you be able to see me today?

    ser posible QUE + SUBJ: es posible que sea cierto it might o may o could be true; es posible que se haya perdido it may have got(ten) lost; ¿será posible que no lo sepa? — surely she must know!

    II
    * * *
    = eligible, feasible, manageable, possible, potential, prospective, viable, would-be + Nombre, conceivable, plausible, candidate, realisable [realizable, -USA], satisfiable, doable, likely.

    Ex: And yet, everyone knows that historically only a very small portion of the eligible users have ever crossed the threshold of a public library.

    Ex: Other words which might be feasible access points in a general index prove worthless in an index devoted to a special subject area.
    Ex: In simple terms, the essence of subject organisation is the division of literature (or references to literature) into manageable, or scannable categories, with each category being associated with an index term.
    Ex: Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex: The system permits the requester to specify up to five potential lending libraries, and the system transmits the requests to these libraries one at a time.
    Ex: The advocacy of title entry for serials implies an ideology which focuses on the publication as the principal object of interest of the prospective library user rather than the work conveyed by the book or publication.
    Ex: With printed thesauri there are limits on space, if the publication is to be economically viable, and easy to handle.
    Ex: The only viable alternatives open to would-be users are to produce or commission the production of custom-made application programs.
    Ex: This article emphasises the importance of a preservation plan that includes ways of dealing with every conceivable type of disaster a library might experience.
    Ex: This incompleteness of search and retrieval therefore makes possible, and plausible, the existence of undiscovered public knowledge.
    Ex: A thesaurus developed with such a module can support the addition of candidate terms to the thesaurus during the indexing process.
    Ex: Barbara Tillett's vision of one seamless bibliographic system, either real or virtual, looks realizable over a 5 to 10 year horizon.
    Ex: The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    Ex: The most likely causes of brain damage among low birthweight infants are prematurity and infections, not oxygen starvation.
    * al mejor precio posible = at the best possible price.
    * arreglárselas lo mejor posible = make + the best of things.
    * arreglarse lo mejor posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * a ser posible = if possible.
    * candidato posible = eligible party.
    * considerar como posible = entertain as + a possibility.
    * cuando antes + Pronombre + sea posible = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.
    * de la mejor forma posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * de la mejor manera posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * dentro de lo posible = as far as possible.
    * durante tanto tiempo como sea posible = for as long as possible.
    * en las mejores condiciones posibles = in the best possible conditions.
    * hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.
    * hacer posible = provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.
    * hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.
    * hacer todo lo posible = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + the best + Nombre + may, do + the best + Nombre + can, try + hard, try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out, work + hard, give + Posesivo + best.
    * hacer todo lo posible (dado) = do + the best possible (with).
    * hacer todo lo posible para = every effort + be + made to.
    * hacer todo lo posible por = go to + any lengths to, go to + great lengths to, endeavour [endeavor, -USA], take + (great) pains to.
    * hasta donde es posible = as far as possible.
    * hasta donde sea posible = as far as possible.
    * lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.
    * lo menos posible = as little as possible.
    * posible comprador = suitor.
    * posible de ser consultado por máquina = machine-viewable.
    * posible de ser visto en pantalla = displayable.
    * sacar el mejor partido posible = get + the best of both worlds, get + the best of all worlds.
    * ser posible la coexistencia entre... = there + be + room for both....
    * ser posible (que) = be likely (to).
    * siempre que + ser + posible = whenever possible, when possible.
    * si eso no es posible = failing that/these.
    * si es posible = if possible.
    * si + ser + posible = when possible, whenever possible.
    * tan pronto como + Pronombre + sea posible = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.
    * tan pronto como sea posible = as soon as possible (asap).
    * tanto como sea posible = as far as possible.
    * tener el mejor aspecto posible = look + Posesivo + best.
    * tener solución posible = be soluble.
    * todo es posible = all bets are off, the sky is the limit.

    * * *
    possible
    ¿crees que se lo darán? — es posible do you think they'll give it to him? — they might (do) o it's possible
    su cambio de actitud hizo posible el diálogo his change of attitude made the talks possible, the talks were made possible by his change of attitude
    hazlo cuanto antes, hoy, a ser posible or (CS) de ser posible do it as soon as you can, today, if possible
    haré lo posible por or para ayudarte I'll do what I can to help you
    hicieron todo lo posible they did everything possible o everything they could
    prometió ayudarlo dentro de lo posible or en lo posible or en la medida de lo posible she promised to help him insofar as she was able ( frml), she promised to do what she could to help (him)
    ¿que te preste más dinero? ¿será posible? ( fam); you want me to lend you more money? I don't believe this! ( colloq)
    ¿que se ha casado? ¡no es posible! he's got(ten) married? I don't believe it! o that can't be true! o surely not! ( colloq)
    evitó una posible tragedia he averted a possible o potential tragedy
    llegó con posibles fracturas he arrived with suspected fractures
    ser posible (+ me/te/le etc): llámame en cuanto te sea posible call me as soon as you can
    ven antes si te es posible come earlier if you can
    no creo que me sea posible I don't think I'll be able to
    ser posible + INF to be possible to + INF
    es posible encontrarlo más barato it's possible to find it cheaper
    no fue posible avisarles it was impossible to let them know, there was no way of letting them know, we were unable to let them know
    (+ me/te/le etc): no me fue posible terminarlo I wasn't able to finish it, I couldn't finish it
    ¿le sería posible recibirme hoy? would it be possible for you to see me today?, would you be able to see me today?, could you see me today?
    ser posible QUE + SUBJ:
    ¿y tú, te lo crees? — es posible que sea cierto what about you, do you believe that? — well it might o may o could be true
    es posible que se haya roto en tránsito it may have got(ten) broken in transit
    ¿será posible que no se haya enterado? can it be possible that she hasn't found out?, can she really not have found out?, surely she must have found out!
    ¿será posible que te atrevas a hablarme así? how dare you speak to me like that?
    deben ser lo más breves posible they should be as brief as possible
    envíemelo lo más pronto posible send it to me as soon as possible
    intenta hacerlo lo mejor posible try to do it as well as you can o the best you can
    ponlo lo más alto posible put it as high as possible
    * * *

     

    posible adjetivo
    possible;

    a ser posible or si es posible if possible;
    hicieron todo lo posible they did everything possible o everything they could;
    prometió ayudarlo dentro de lo posible or en lo posible she promised to do what she could to help (him);
    ¡no es posible! that can't be true! (colloq);
    en cuanto te sea posible as soon as you can;
    no creo que me sea posible I don't think I'll be able to;
    es posible hacerlo más rápido it's possible to do it more quickly;
    no me fue posible terminarlo I wasn't able to finish it;
    es posible que sea cierto it might o may o could be true
    ■ adverbio: lo más pronto posible as soon as possible;
    lo mejor posible the best you can
    posible
    I adjetivo possible: no me será posible viajar a Perú, it won't be possible for me to go to Peru
    II mpl posibles, means
    ♦ Locuciones: hacer todo lo posible, to do everything one can
    dentro de lo posible, as far as possible

    ' posible' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    antes
    - brevedad
    - caber
    - comunicar
    - contienda
    - contingencia
    - contingente
    - deber
    - dinamitar
    - humanamente
    - justificación
    - mínima
    - mínimo
    - normalización
    - permitir
    - poder
    - probable
    - virtual
    - eventual
    - hacer
    - lo
    - mayor
    - medida
    - menor
    - menos
    - potencial
    - pronto
    English:
    aim
    - arbitration
    - bend
    - best
    - beyond
    - blow
    - cancel out
    - cheap
    - dispose of
    - do
    - effort
    - eventual
    - every
    - explanation
    - failing
    - far
    - job
    - length
    - lung
    - much
    - possible
    - potential
    - prospective
    - should
    - soliciting
    - spin out
    - try
    - utmost
    - well
    - anything
    - bound
    - can
    - escape
    - feasible
    - get
    - level
    - look
    - manageable
    - mobile
    - most
    - please
    - preferably
    - probable
    - prospect
    - soon
    - surely
    - suspect
    - that
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    possible;
    es posible que llueva it could rain;
    es posible que sea así that might be the case;
    ¿llegarás a tiempo? – es posible will you arrive in time? – possibly o I may do;
    ven lo antes posible come as soon as possible;
    dentro de lo posible, en lo posible as far as possible;
    dentro de lo posible intenta no hacer ruido as far as possible, try not to make any noise;
    a o [m5] de ser posible if possible;
    hacer posible to make possible;
    su intervención hizo posible el acuerdo his intervention made the agreement possible;
    hacer (todo) lo posible to do everything possible;
    hicieron todo lo posible por salvar su vida they did everything possible to save his life;
    lo antes posible as soon as possible;
    ¿cómo es posible que no me lo hayas dicho antes? how could you possibly not have told me before?;
    no creo que nos sea posible visitaros I don't think we'll be able to visit you;
    ¡será posible! I can't believe this!;
    ¿será posible que nadie le haya dicho nada? can it be true that nobody told her anything about it?;
    ¡no es posible! surely not!
    ♦ posibles nmpl
    (financial) means
    * * *
    I adj possible;
    en lo posible as far as possible;
    hacer posible make possible;
    hacer todo lo posible do everything possible;
    es posible que … perhaps …;
    es muy posible que it’s very possible that;
    ¿será posible? fam I don’t believe it! fam
    II mpl posibles: means pl ;
    con posibles well-off, well-to-do
    * * *
    posible adj
    : possible
    ♦ posiblemente adv
    * * *
    posible adj possible
    ser posible may / might
    ¿será posible? I don't believe it!

    Spanish-English dictionary > posible

  • 8 situación

    f.
    1 situation, state, picture.
    2 position, siting.
    3 presentation of the fetus, lie, lie of the fetus, presentation.
    * * *
    1 (circunstancia) situation
    2 (posición) position
    3 (emplazamiento) situation, location
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=circunstancias) situation

    ¿qué harías en una situación así? — what would you do in a situation like that?

    2) (=emplazamiento) situation, location

    la casa tiene una situación inmejorable — the house is in a superb location, the house is superbly located o situated

    3) [en la sociedad] position, standing

    crearse una situación — to do well for o.s.

    situación económica — financial position, financial situation

    4) (=estado) state
    5)

    precio de situación — LAm bargain price

    * * *
    1)
    a) ( coyuntura) situation
    b) ( en la sociedad) position, standing
    2) ( emplazamiento) position, situation (frml), location (frml)
    * * *
    = event, location, picture, position, scenario, scene, setting, situation, state, state of affairs, pass, set and setting, landscape, juncture, setup [set-up], footing, stage, climate, conjuncture.
    Ex. The concept of corporate body includes named occasional groups and events, such as meetings, conferences, congresses, expeditions, exhibitions, festivals, and fairs.
    Ex. Having been alerted to the existence of a document, the user needs information concerning the actual location of the document, in order that the document may be read.
    Ex. Outside the Gwynedd, Dyfed and Clwyd heartland the picture was not encouraging.
    Ex. The directory is a finding list which lists for every field its tag, the number of characters in the field, and the starting character position of the field within the record.
    Ex. This article describes a scenario in which the training of junior staff on-the-job is discussed emphasising that the reality in New Zealand libraries falls far short of the ideal.
    Ex. Scenes that include conflict, emotions, prejudices, misunderstandings, and unreasonableness but also kindliness, humor, friendliness, and goodwill are acted out daily in different kinds of libraries.
    Ex. Over 700 CRT terminals are online to Columbus and are used in a variety of ways to improve service in the local library settings.
    Ex. Even in this apparently straightforward situation, complications can arise.
    Ex. Before she could respond and follow up with a question about her distraught state, Feng escaped to the women's room.
    Ex. One likely effect of this would be that the information-rich would become richer and the information-poor poorer, a state of affairs which many would consider highly undesirable.
    Ex. As he traversed the length of the corridor to the media center, Anthony Datto reflected on the events that had brought him to this unhappy pass.
    Ex. For me a picture of myself in a dentist's waiting room is a perfect metaphor for set and setting very much in play against the easily obtained pleasures I usually get from reading.
    Ex. During the post-war period international organizations have become a prominent feature of the international landscape.
    Ex. For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.
    Ex. 'You know,' she had said amiably, 'there might be a better job for you here once things get rolling with this new regional setup'.
    Ex. Certain new factors have fertilized the ground for the rooting and growth of activity on a stronger and firmer footing than has ever been possible in the past.
    Ex. Although this study examines the international management stage, there are some points of relevance to this project.
    Ex. The article 'Keeping your ear to the ground' discusses the skills and knowledge information professionals need to have in today's IT-rich climate.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * aceptar la situación = accept + situation.
    * adaptable a la situación = situation-aware.
    * afrontar la situación = bear + the strain.
    * agravar una situación = exacerbate + situation, aggravate + situation.
    * analizar los pormenores de una situación = look + behind the scene.
    * aprovechar la situación = ride + the wave.
    * cambiar a la situación anterior = reverse.
    * cambiar la situación = change + the course of events.
    * complicar la situación = cloud + the issue, confuse + the issue.
    * confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.
    * contemplar una situación = address + situation.
    * controlar la situación = tame + the beast.
    * corregir una situación = correct + situation, redress + situation.
    * crear una situación = create + a situation.
    * dada la situación = in the circumstances.
    * darse una situación más esperanzadora = sound + a note of hope.
    * desafiar una situación = challenge + situation.
    * describir una situación = depict + situation.
    * disfrutar de la situación = ride + the wave.
    * dominar la situación = tame + the beast.
    * empeorar la situación = make + things worse.
    * empeorar una situación = exacerbate + situation, aggravate + situation.
    * encontrarse con una situación = come across + situation, meet + situation.
    * encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.
    * en cualquier otra situación = in the normal run of things, in the normal run of events.
    * en cualquier situación = in any given situation.
    * en esta situación = at this juncture.
    * enfrentarse a una situación = face + situation, meet + situation.
    * en la situación concreta = on the scene.
    * en situación de = in the position to.
    * en situación de crisis = on the rocks.
    * en situaciones de riesgo = in harm's way.
    * en situaciones normales = under normal circumstances.
    * en situaciones peligrosas = in harm's way.
    * en una situación de emergencia = in an emergency situation, in an emergency.
    * en una situación desesperada = in dire straits.
    * en una situación muy problemática = in deep trouble, in deep water.
    * estado de una situación = state of being.
    * estar en situación de = be in a position to.
    * estar en una situación diferente = be on a different track.
    * explicar la situación = explain + the situation.
    * gravedad de la situación, la = seriousness of the situation, la, gravity of the situation, the.
    * hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.
    * hacer que se produzca una situación = bring about + situation.
    * hecho para una situación específica = niche-specific.
    * imaginarse una situación = envision + situation.
    * información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.
    * informe de situación = status report.
    * informe sobre la situación actual = state of the art report.
    * la situación = the course of events.
    * mecanismo de reducción de situaciones difíciles = threat-reduction mechanism.
    * mejora de situación social = upward mobility.
    * mejorar la situación = improve + the lot.
    * mejorar una situación = ameliorate + situation.
    * meterse en una situación embarazosa = put + Reflexivo + into + position.
    * ocupar una situación idónea para = be well-placed to.
    * pasar a una situación económica más confortable = improve + Posesivo + lot.
    * perder el control de la situacion = things + get out of hand.
    * reaccionar ante una situación = respond to + situation.
    * rectificar una situación = rectify + situation.
    * remediar una situación = remedy + situation.
    * resolver una situación = manage + situation, resolve + situation.
    * responder a una situación = respond to + situation.
    * salir de una situación difícil = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.
    * sensible a la situación = situation-aware.
    * simulacro de una situación supuesta = play-acting.
    * situación actual = current situation, current state, present state, current status.
    * situación actual, la = scheme of things, the.
    * situación + agravar = situation + exacerbate.
    * situación análoga = analogue.
    * situación apremiante = plight.
    * situación apurada = hardship.
    * situación azarosa = predicament.
    * situación buena = strong position.
    * situación + cambiar = tide + turn.
    * situación cómica = comedy sketch.
    * situación confusa = muddy waters.
    * situación cotidiana = everyday situation, daily situation.
    * situación crítica = critical situation.
    * situación de decadencia irreversible = terminal decline.
    * situación de desesperación = scene of despair.
    * situación de estrés = stress situation.
    * situación de préstamo = loan status.
    * situación desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * situación de tensión = stress situation.
    * situación diaria = daily situation.
    * situación difícil = plight, hardship, bumpy ride.
    * situación económica = financial situation, economic status.
    * situación económica, la = economics of the situation, the.
    * situación embarazosa = embarrassing situation.
    * situación en la que hay un vencedor y un perdedor = win-lose + Nombre.
    * situación en la que las dos partes salen ganando = win-win + Nombre.
    * situaciones = sphere of activity, sphere of life, walks (of/in) life.
    * situaciones de la vida = life situations [life-situations].
    * situación experimental = laboratory situation.
    * situación forzada = Procrustean bed.
    * situación hipotética = scenario.
    * situación ideal = ideal situation.
    * situación insoportable = unbearable situation.
    * situación insostenible = unbearable situation.
    * situación + irse de las manos = things + get out of hand.
    * situación laboral = employment situation, employment status.
    * situación + mejorar = situation + ease.
    * situación peligrosa = endangerment, dangerous situation.
    * situación penosa = plight.
    * situación poco clara = clouding.
    * situación política = political scene.
    * situación posible = scenario.
    * situación precaria = precarious situation.
    * situación privilegiada = advantageous location.
    * situación problemática = problem situation.
    * situación sin solución = impasse.
    * situación + surgir = situation + arise.
    * situación tensa = stress situation.
    * situación ventajosa = winning situation.
    * superar una situación difícil = weather + the bumpy ride, weather + the storm.
    * verse en la situación = find + Reflexivo + in the position.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( coyuntura) situation
    b) ( en la sociedad) position, standing
    2) ( emplazamiento) position, situation (frml), location (frml)
    * * *
    = event, location, picture, position, scenario, scene, setting, situation, state, state of affairs, pass, set and setting, landscape, juncture, setup [set-up], footing, stage, climate, conjuncture.

    Ex: The concept of corporate body includes named occasional groups and events, such as meetings, conferences, congresses, expeditions, exhibitions, festivals, and fairs.

    Ex: Having been alerted to the existence of a document, the user needs information concerning the actual location of the document, in order that the document may be read.
    Ex: Outside the Gwynedd, Dyfed and Clwyd heartland the picture was not encouraging.
    Ex: The directory is a finding list which lists for every field its tag, the number of characters in the field, and the starting character position of the field within the record.
    Ex: This article describes a scenario in which the training of junior staff on-the-job is discussed emphasising that the reality in New Zealand libraries falls far short of the ideal.
    Ex: Scenes that include conflict, emotions, prejudices, misunderstandings, and unreasonableness but also kindliness, humor, friendliness, and goodwill are acted out daily in different kinds of libraries.
    Ex: Over 700 CRT terminals are online to Columbus and are used in a variety of ways to improve service in the local library settings.
    Ex: Even in this apparently straightforward situation, complications can arise.
    Ex: Before she could respond and follow up with a question about her distraught state, Feng escaped to the women's room.
    Ex: One likely effect of this would be that the information-rich would become richer and the information-poor poorer, a state of affairs which many would consider highly undesirable.
    Ex: As he traversed the length of the corridor to the media center, Anthony Datto reflected on the events that had brought him to this unhappy pass.
    Ex: For me a picture of myself in a dentist's waiting room is a perfect metaphor for set and setting very much in play against the easily obtained pleasures I usually get from reading.
    Ex: During the post-war period international organizations have become a prominent feature of the international landscape.
    Ex: For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.
    Ex: 'You know,' she had said amiably, 'there might be a better job for you here once things get rolling with this new regional setup'.
    Ex: Certain new factors have fertilized the ground for the rooting and growth of activity on a stronger and firmer footing than has ever been possible in the past.
    Ex: Although this study examines the international management stage, there are some points of relevance to this project.
    Ex: The article 'Keeping your ear to the ground' discusses the skills and knowledge information professionals need to have in today's IT-rich climate.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * aceptar la situación = accept + situation.
    * adaptable a la situación = situation-aware.
    * afrontar la situación = bear + the strain.
    * agravar una situación = exacerbate + situation, aggravate + situation.
    * analizar los pormenores de una situación = look + behind the scene.
    * aprovechar la situación = ride + the wave.
    * cambiar a la situación anterior = reverse.
    * cambiar la situación = change + the course of events.
    * complicar la situación = cloud + the issue, confuse + the issue.
    * confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.
    * contemplar una situación = address + situation.
    * controlar la situación = tame + the beast.
    * corregir una situación = correct + situation, redress + situation.
    * crear una situación = create + a situation.
    * dada la situación = in the circumstances.
    * darse una situación más esperanzadora = sound + a note of hope.
    * desafiar una situación = challenge + situation.
    * describir una situación = depict + situation.
    * disfrutar de la situación = ride + the wave.
    * dominar la situación = tame + the beast.
    * empeorar la situación = make + things worse.
    * empeorar una situación = exacerbate + situation, aggravate + situation.
    * encontrarse con una situación = come across + situation, meet + situation.
    * encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.
    * en cualquier otra situación = in the normal run of things, in the normal run of events.
    * en cualquier situación = in any given situation.
    * en esta situación = at this juncture.
    * enfrentarse a una situación = face + situation, meet + situation.
    * en la situación concreta = on the scene.
    * en situación de = in the position to.
    * en situación de crisis = on the rocks.
    * en situaciones de riesgo = in harm's way.
    * en situaciones normales = under normal circumstances.
    * en situaciones peligrosas = in harm's way.
    * en una situación de emergencia = in an emergency situation, in an emergency.
    * en una situación desesperada = in dire straits.
    * en una situación muy problemática = in deep trouble, in deep water.
    * estado de una situación = state of being.
    * estar en situación de = be in a position to.
    * estar en una situación diferente = be on a different track.
    * explicar la situación = explain + the situation.
    * gravedad de la situación, la = seriousness of the situation, la, gravity of the situation, the.
    * hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.
    * hacer que se produzca una situación = bring about + situation.
    * hecho para una situación específica = niche-specific.
    * imaginarse una situación = envision + situation.
    * información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.
    * informe de situación = status report.
    * informe sobre la situación actual = state of the art report.
    * la situación = the course of events.
    * mecanismo de reducción de situaciones difíciles = threat-reduction mechanism.
    * mejora de situación social = upward mobility.
    * mejorar la situación = improve + the lot.
    * mejorar una situación = ameliorate + situation.
    * meterse en una situación embarazosa = put + Reflexivo + into + position.
    * ocupar una situación idónea para = be well-placed to.
    * pasar a una situación económica más confortable = improve + Posesivo + lot.
    * perder el control de la situacion = things + get out of hand.
    * reaccionar ante una situación = respond to + situation.
    * rectificar una situación = rectify + situation.
    * remediar una situación = remedy + situation.
    * resolver una situación = manage + situation, resolve + situation.
    * responder a una situación = respond to + situation.
    * salir de una situación difícil = haul + Reflexivo + out of + Posesivo + bog.
    * sensible a la situación = situation-aware.
    * simulacro de una situación supuesta = play-acting.
    * situación actual = current situation, current state, present state, current status.
    * situación actual, la = scheme of things, the.
    * situación + agravar = situation + exacerbate.
    * situación análoga = analogue.
    * situación apremiante = plight.
    * situación apurada = hardship.
    * situación azarosa = predicament.
    * situación buena = strong position.
    * situación + cambiar = tide + turn.
    * situación cómica = comedy sketch.
    * situación confusa = muddy waters.
    * situación cotidiana = everyday situation, daily situation.
    * situación crítica = critical situation.
    * situación de decadencia irreversible = terminal decline.
    * situación de desesperación = scene of despair.
    * situación de estrés = stress situation.
    * situación de préstamo = loan status.
    * situación desagradable = unpleasantness.
    * situación de tensión = stress situation.
    * situación diaria = daily situation.
    * situación difícil = plight, hardship, bumpy ride.
    * situación económica = financial situation, economic status.
    * situación económica, la = economics of the situation, the.
    * situación embarazosa = embarrassing situation.
    * situación en la que hay un vencedor y un perdedor = win-lose + Nombre.
    * situación en la que las dos partes salen ganando = win-win + Nombre.
    * situaciones = sphere of activity, sphere of life, walks (of/in) life.
    * situaciones de la vida = life situations [life-situations].
    * situación experimental = laboratory situation.
    * situación forzada = Procrustean bed.
    * situación hipotética = scenario.
    * situación ideal = ideal situation.
    * situación insoportable = unbearable situation.
    * situación insostenible = unbearable situation.
    * situación + irse de las manos = things + get out of hand.
    * situación laboral = employment situation, employment status.
    * situación + mejorar = situation + ease.
    * situación peligrosa = endangerment, dangerous situation.
    * situación penosa = plight.
    * situación poco clara = clouding.
    * situación política = political scene.
    * situación posible = scenario.
    * situación precaria = precarious situation.
    * situación privilegiada = advantageous location.
    * situación problemática = problem situation.
    * situación sin solución = impasse.
    * situación + surgir = situation + arise.
    * situación tensa = stress situation.
    * situación ventajosa = winning situation.
    * superar una situación difícil = weather + the bumpy ride, weather + the storm.
    * verse en la situación = find + Reflexivo + in the position.

    * * *
    A
    1 (coyuntura) situation
    nuestra situación económica our financial situation o position
    no está en situación de poder ayudarnos she is not in a position to be able to help us
    se encuentra en una situación desesperada her situation o plight is desperate, she is in a desperate situation
    apenas crearon situaciones de gol they hardly made any scoring chances
    salvar la situación to save the day o rescue the situation
    2 (en la sociedad) position, standing
    Compuesto:
    extreme situation
    B (emplazamiento) position, situation ( frml), location ( frml)
    la situación del local es excelente the premises are ideally situated o located
    * * *

     

    situación sustantivo femenino
    1


    2 ( emplazamiento) position, situation (frml), location (frml)
    situación sustantivo femenino
    1 (económica) situation
    2 (trance) me puso en una situación muy embarazosa, he put me in an awkward situation
    3 (emplazamiento) location
    4 (condiciones, disposición) state: no estamos en situación de rechazarlo, we are in no position to refuse it
    ' situación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abusiva
    - abusivo
    - acierto
    - aclimatarse
    - adueñarse
    - afianzarse
    - airosa
    - airoso
    - ambiente
    - ámbito
    - anterioridad
    - aprovechar
    - caer
    - calibrar
    - callejón
    - cañón
    - capear
    - cargo
    - caso
    - comparable
    - comprometedor
    - comprometedora
    - comprometida
    - comprometido
    - compromiso
    - condición
    - conducir
    - considerablemente
    - correr
    - coyuntura
    - crisis
    - decantar
    - desdramatizar
    - desembocar
    - detonante
    - dimanar
    - disposición
    - dueña
    - dueño
    - embrollo
    - emotiva
    - emotivo
    - endemoniada
    - endemoniado
    - enrarecerse
    - enredar
    - enredarse
    - entrar
    - estar
    - estado
    English:
    aggravate
    - anywhere
    - applicable
    - apprise
    - aspect
    - assess
    - assessment
    - awkward
    - backdrop
    - border on
    - break
    - bullet
    - business
    - case
    - command
    - confuse
    - consolidate
    - danger
    - defuse
    - deteriorate
    - dinner
    - dire
    - disgusting
    - distressing
    - encouraging
    - end
    - explosive
    - fraught
    - fuel
    - further
    - grim
    - heat
    - hook
    - hot up
    - in
    - indoors
    - inflammable
    - injustice
    - irritating
    - joke
    - mess
    - misjudge
    - muddy
    - nasty
    - need
    - no-win
    - off
    - ongoing
    - pass
    - picture
    * * *
    1. [circunstancias] situation;
    [legal, social] status;
    estar en situación de hacer algo [en general] to be in a position to do sth;
    [enfermo, borracho] to be in a fit state to do sth;
    estar en una situación privilegiada to be in a privileged position
    situación económica economic situation;
    situación límite extreme o critical situation
    2. [ubicación] location;
    la tienda está en una situación muy céntrica the shop is in a very central location
    * * *
    f situation;
    estar en situación de be in a position to
    * * *
    situación nf, pl - ciones : situation
    * * *
    situación n situation

    Spanish-English dictionary > situación

  • 9 trance

    m.
    1 difficult situation.
    pasar por un mal trance to go through a bad patch
    a todo trance at all costs
    2 trance.
    estar en trance to be in a trance
    3 entrancement, enrapture, rapport.
    4 legal seizure.
    pres.subj.
    1st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: tranzar.
    * * *
    1 (momento crítico) critical moment
    2 (dificultad) fix, tight spot
    3 (éxtasis) trance
    \
    a todo trance figurado at all costs
    estar en trance de... to be on the point of..., be in the process of...
    pasar por un trance to hit a bad patch
    sacar a alguien de un mal trance to get somebody out of a fix
    trance mortal / trance de muerte death throes plural
    último trance last moments plural (of life)
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=momento difícil)

    último trance — last o dying moments

    trance mortal — last o dying moments pl

    2) [de médium] trance; (Rel) trance, ecstasy

    entrar en trance — to fall o go into a trance

    * * *

    en trance DE algo: estar en trance de muerte to be at death's door; estas costumbres están en trance de desaparición these customs are (in the process of) disappearing o are dying out; a todo trance — at any cost

    2) (Psic, Relig) trance

    estar/entrar en trance — to be in/go into a trance

    * * *
    = juncture, trance, conjuncture.
    Ex. For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.
    Ex. Freud was not particularly comfortable with hypnotism, as he knew that not all patients could reach the deep level of trance.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * en trance de = in the throes of.
    * entrar en trance = go into + trance.
    * estado de trance = state of trance.
    * estar en trance de = be in the process of.
    * * *

    en trance DE algo: estar en trance de muerte to be at death's door; estas costumbres están en trance de desaparición these customs are (in the process of) disappearing o are dying out; a todo trance — at any cost

    2) (Psic, Relig) trance

    estar/entrar en trance — to be in/go into a trance

    * * *
    = juncture, trance, conjuncture.

    Ex: For all national libraries a major factor is technological change in communication proceeding at an ever accelerating rating which has brought them to the current juncture.

    Ex: Freud was not particularly comfortable with hypnotism, as he knew that not all patients could reach the deep level of trance.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * en trance de = in the throes of.
    * entrar en trance = go into + trance.
    * estado de trance = state of trance.
    * estar en trance de = be in the process of.

    * * *
    A
    (momento crítico): están pasando por un trance difícil they're going through a bad time o ( BrE) patch
    ya han salido de ese trance they've come through it o got over it now
    en un trance de tan singular gravedad at such a critical juncture
    en trance DE algo:
    estar en trance de muerte to be at death's door
    estos lugares están en trance de desaparición these places are (in the process of) disappearing o are dying out
    a todo trance at any cost, at all costs
    B ( Psic, Relig) trance
    estar en trance to be in a trance
    entrar en trance to go into a trance
    * * *

    trance sustantivo masculino (Psic, Relig) trance;

    trance sustantivo masculino
    1 (situación, circunstancia crítica) critical moment, difficult situation
    2 (éxtasis) trance
    entrar en trance, to go into a trance

    ' trance' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    amarga
    - amargo
    - situación
    English:
    trance
    - go
    * * *
    trance nm
    1. [situación crítica] difficult situation;
    ya había pasado por trances parecidos she had already been through similar difficulties;
    pasar por un mal trance to go through a bad spell o Br patch;
    ahora se encuentra en el trance de tener que ayudar a un rival now he finds himself in the position of having to help out a rival;
    a todo trance at all costs
    2. [estado hipnótico] trance;
    entrar en trance to go into a trance
    3. [música] trance
    4. [proceso]
    en trance de: una cultura/lengua en trance de desaparición a culture/language that is in the process of dying out;
    en trance de muerte on the point of death o dying
    * * *
    m
    1 ( momento difícil) tough time;
    pasar por un trance amargo go through a terrible time;
    último trance final moment;
    a todo trance at all costs
    2 de médium
    :
    en trance in a trance
    * * *
    trance nm
    1) : critical juncture, tough time
    2) : trance
    3)
    en trance de : in the process of
    en trance de extinción: on the verge of extinction

    Spanish-English dictionary > trance

  • 10 viable

    adj.
    viable.
    * * *
    1 viable
    * * *
    ADJ viable, feasible
    * * *
    adjetivo <proyecto/plan> viable, feasible; < bebé> viable
    * * *
    = workable, viable, practicable, satisfiable, tractable, doable.
    Ex. The type of environment in which the principles of pre-coordination are workable are restricted by the acceptable bulk or length of index headings.
    Ex. With printed thesauri there are limits on space, if the publication is to be economically viable, and easy to handle.
    Ex. Now, with computerized data-bases and vast amounts of data in transit, access to it -- authorized and unauthorized -- is more practicable.
    Ex. The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex. This approach becomes less tractable as the number of participating databases increases.
    Ex. This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    ----
    * solución viable = workable solution.
    * * *
    adjetivo <proyecto/plan> viable, feasible; < bebé> viable
    * * *
    = workable, viable, practicable, satisfiable, tractable, doable.

    Ex: The type of environment in which the principles of pre-coordination are workable are restricted by the acceptable bulk or length of index headings.

    Ex: With printed thesauri there are limits on space, if the publication is to be economically viable, and easy to handle.
    Ex: Now, with computerized data-bases and vast amounts of data in transit, access to it -- authorized and unauthorized -- is more practicable.
    Ex: The result is a pair of overlapping sets of sufficient conditions for autonomy that are argued to be satisfiable by real human agents.
    Ex: This approach becomes less tractable as the number of participating databases increases.
    Ex: This has opened up issues of what is & is not thinkable &, therefore, doable in the present conjuncture of crisis & instability.
    * solución viable = workable solution.

    * * *
    1 ‹proyecto/plan› viable, feasible
    2 ‹bebé› viable
    * * *

     

    viable adjetivo ‹proyecto/plan› viable, feasible;
    ‹ bebé› viable
    viable adjetivo viable
    ' viable' also found in these entries:
    English:
    feasible
    - impractical
    - viable
    - proposition
    * * *
    viable adj
    viable, feasible
    * * *
    adj plan, solución viable, feasible
    * * *
    viable adj
    : viable, feasible
    ♦ viabilidad nf

    Spanish-English dictionary > viable

  • 11 wide

    1. adjective
    1) (great in extent, especially from side to side: wide streets; Her eyes were wide with surprise.) ancho, grande
    2) (being a certain distance from one side to the other: This material is three metres wide; How wide is it?) de largo
    3) (great or large: He won by a wide margin.) amplio, extenso
    4) (covering a large and varied range of subjects etc: a wide experience of teaching.) variado, diverso

    2. adverb
    (with a great distance from top to bottom or side to side: He opened his eyes wide.) completamente
    - widen
    - wideness
    - width
    - wide-ranging
    - widespread
    - give a wide berth to
    - give a wide berth
    - wide apart
    - wide awake
    - wide open
    wide1 adj
    1. ancho
    2. amplio
    wide2 adv completamente / totalmente
    tr[waɪd]
    1 (broad) ancho,-a; (space, hole, gap) grande
    ■ how wide is it? ¿cuánto hace de ancho?
    3 (large - area) amplio,-a, extenso,-a; (- knowledge, experience, repercussions) amplio,-a; (- coverage, range, support) extenso,-a
    4 (eyes, smile) abierto,-a
    5 (off target) desviado,-a
    1 (fully - gen) completamente
    ■ wide awake completamente despierto,-a
    ■ wide apart muy separados,-as
    ■ open wide! said the dentist ¡abre bien la boca! dijo el dentista
    2 (off target) desviado
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    from far and wide de todas partes
    to be/fall wide of the mark no dar en el blanco, no acertar
    to give somebody/something a wide berth evitar a alguien/algo
    to go into something with one's eyes wide open saber muy bien dónde se está metiendo uno
    wide open (to something) (exposed) completamente expuesto,-a (a algo)
    wide ['waɪd] adv, wider ; widest
    1) widely: por todas partes
    to travel far and wide: viajar por todas partes
    2) completely: completamente, totalmente
    wide open: abierto de par en par
    3)
    wide apart : muy separados
    wide adj, wider ; widest
    1) vast: vasto, extensivo
    a wide area: una área extensiva
    2) : ancho
    three meters wide: tres metros de ancho
    3) broad: ancho, amplio
    4) or wide-open : muy abierto
    5)
    wide of the mark : desviado, lejos del blanco
    adj.
    • ancho, -a adj.
    • anchuroso, -a adj.
    • campanudo, -a adj.
    • de ancho adj.
    • desenfadado, -a adj.
    • desparramado, -a adj.
    • extenso, -a adj.
    • muy abierto adj.
    adv.
    • lejos adv.

    I waɪd
    adjective wider, widest
    1) ( in dimension) <river/feetousers> ancho; < gap> grande; <desert/ocean> vasto

    it's two meters wide — tiene or mide dos metros de ancho

    2) (in extent, range) <experience/powers> amplio; < area> amplio, extenso
    3) ( off target) <ball/shot> desviado

    wide OF something — lejos de algo; mark I 4)


    II
    adverb wider, widest
    1) (completely, fully)

    her mouth gaped wide — se quedó boquiabierta or con la boca abierta

    wide apart: with your feet wide apart con los pies bien or muy separados; wide awake: to be wide awake estar* completamente espabilado or despierto; open wide! abra bien la boca, abre grande (fam); wide open: you left the door wide open dejaste la puerta abierta de par en par; I'm going into this with my eyes wide open sé muy bien en qué me estoy metiendo; he's laid himself wide open to criticism él mismo se ha expuesto a que lo critiquen; the game is wide open — el partido no está definido

    [waɪd]
    1. ADJ
    (compar wider) (superl widest)
    1) [street, river, trousers] ancho; [area] extenso; [ocean, desert] vasto; [space, circle, valley] amplio

    how wide is it? — ¿cuánto tiene de ancho?, ¿qué anchura tiene?

    - give sb a wide berth
    2) (=extensive) [support, variety] gran; [range, selection] amplio

    a wide choice of bulbs is available — hay una gran variedad de bulbos donde escoger, hay una gran variedad de bulbos disponible

    3) (=large) [gap, differences] grande
    4) (=off target)

    his first shot was wide — (Ftbl) su primer tiro or chute pasó de largo; (Shooting) su primer disparo no dio en el blanco

    - be wide of the mark
    2. ADV
    1) (=fully)

    • wide apart — bien separados

    • to be wide awake — (lit) estar completamente despierto

    we'll have to be wide awake for this meeting — tendremos que estar con los ojos bien abiertos en esta reunión, tendremos que estar muy al tanto en esta reunión

    • wide open — [window, door] de par en par, completamente abierto

    with his eyes (open) wide or wide open — con los ojos muy abiertos

    2) (=off target)

    the shot went wide — (Ftbl) el tiro or chute pasó de largo; (Shooting) el disparo no dio en el blanco

    Fleming shot wide — (Ftbl) Fleming realizó un disparo que pasó de largo a la portería

    far 1., 1)
    3.
    N (Cricket) pelota que el bateador no puede golpear porque la han lanzado muy lejos y que cuenta como una carrera para el equipo del bateador
    4.
    CPD

    wide boy ** N — buscón ** m, ratero * m

    wide area network N — red f de área amplia

    * * *

    I [waɪd]
    adjective wider, widest
    1) ( in dimension) <river/feet/trousers> ancho; < gap> grande; <desert/ocean> vasto

    it's two meters wide — tiene or mide dos metros de ancho

    2) (in extent, range) <experience/powers> amplio; < area> amplio, extenso
    3) ( off target) <ball/shot> desviado

    wide OF something — lejos de algo; mark I 4)


    II
    adverb wider, widest
    1) (completely, fully)

    her mouth gaped wide — se quedó boquiabierta or con la boca abierta

    wide apart: with your feet wide apart con los pies bien or muy separados; wide awake: to be wide awake estar* completamente espabilado or despierto; open wide! abra bien la boca, abre grande (fam); wide open: you left the door wide open dejaste la puerta abierta de par en par; I'm going into this with my eyes wide open sé muy bien en qué me estoy metiendo; he's laid himself wide open to criticism él mismo se ha expuesto a que lo critiquen; the game is wide open — el partido no está definido

    English-spanish dictionary > wide

  • 12 fuego

    intj.
    1 there's a fire, something's burning.
    2 fire, shoot.
    m.
    1 fire (llamas, hoguera).
    atizar el fuego to poke the fire
    hacer un fuego to make a fire
    pegar fuego a algo to set something on fire, to set fire to something
    echar fuego por los ojos to look daggers
    fuego fatuo will-o'-the-wisp
    fuego de San Telmo St Elmo's fire
    2 ring, burner.
    apagar/bajar el fuego to turn off/lower the heat
    poner el agua al fuego hasta que empiece a hervir heat the water until it starts to boil
    a fuego lento/vivo over a low/high heat
    3 fire (disparos).
    abrir o hacer fuego to fire, to open fire
    fuego cruzado crossfire
    4 passion, ardor (apasionamiento).
    la distancia avivó el fuego de su pasión distance rekindled the fires of his passion
    5 gunfire.
    6 ignis.
    * * *
    1 fire
    2 (lumbre) light
    3 (cocina) burner, ring
    4 (ardor) ardour (US ardor), zeal
    \
    a fuego lento on a low flame 2 (al horno) in a slow oven
    estar entre dos fuegos to be caught between the Devil and the deep blue sea
    hacer fuego MILITAR to open fire
    ¿me da fuego? have you got a light?
    poner las manos en el fuego por algo/alguien to stake one's life on something/somebody
    prender fuego a algo to set fire to something
    romper fuego MILITAR to open fire
    fuego cruzado crossfire
    fuego de Santelmo Saint Elmo's fire
    fuego fatuo will-o'-the-wisp, Jack-o'-lantern
    fuego graneado sustained fire
    fuego nutrido heavy fire
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) fire
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=llamas) fire

    ¡fuego! — fire!

    • apagar el fuego — to put out the fire

    • atizar el fuego — (lit) to poke the fire; (fig) to stir things up

    • encender el fuego — to light the fire

    • marcar algo a fuego — to brand sth

    • pegar o prender fuego a algo — to set fire to sth, set sth on fire

    prendieron fuego a los vehículos — they set fire to the vehicles, they set the vehicles alight o on fire

    prender el fuego — LAm to light the fire

    • sofocar el fuego — to extinguish the fire

    echar fuego por los ojos —

    se marchó echando fuego por los ojos — he went off, his eyes blazing

    el procedimiento ha sido solo un fuego de artificio destinado a calmar a la opinión pública — the proceedings have been mere window dressing aimed at appeasing public opinion

    ha llegado a la cima sin los fuegos de artificio típicos de muchas grandes estrellas — she has got to the top without the typical blaze of publicity attached to many big stars

    2) [de cocina]
    a) (=quemador) [de gas] burner, ring; [eléctrico] ring
    b) (=calor) heat, flame

    • a fuego lento — on o over a low heat, on o over a low flame

    se deja cocer a fuego lento 15 minutos — simmer for 15 minutes, cook on o over a low heat for 15 minutes

    • a fuego suave — on o over a low heat, on o over a low flame

    • a fuego vivo — on o over a high flame, on o over a high heat

    3) [para cigarro] light

    ¿tienes o me das fuego? — have you got a light?

    4) (Mil) fire

    ¡fuego! — fire!

    • abrir fuego (contra algo/algn) — to open fire (on sth/sb)

    • ¡ alto el fuego! — cease fire!

    • hacer fuego (contra o sobre algo) — to fire (at sth)

    • romper el fuego — to open fire

    fuego a discreción — (lit) fire at will; (fig) all-out attack

    fuego de andanada — (Náut) broadside

    fuego graneado, fuego nutrido — sustained fire

    alto II, 1., 1)
    5) (=pasión) passion, fire
    6) (Náut) beacon, signal fire
    7) (Med) (=erupción) rash; Méx, Chile, Col [en los labios] cold sore
    8) (=hogar) dwelling
    * * *
    1) fire

    sofocar el fuego — to put out o extinguish the fire

    le prendieron or pegaron fuego a la casa — they set the house on fire

    echar fuego por los ojos: echaba fuego por los ojos his eyes blazed; jugar con fuego — to play with fire

    ¿me da fuego, por favor?/¿tienes fuego? — have you got a light, please?

    3) (Coc)

    cocinar a fuego lento — cook over a low heat; ( apenas hirviendo) simmer

    4) (Mil) fire

    preparen, apunten fuego! — ready, aim, fire!

    •
    * * *
    1) fire

    sofocar el fuego — to put out o extinguish the fire

    le prendieron or pegaron fuego a la casa — they set the house on fire

    echar fuego por los ojos: echaba fuego por los ojos his eyes blazed; jugar con fuego — to play with fire

    ¿me da fuego, por favor?/¿tienes fuego? — have you got a light, please?

    3) (Coc)

    cocinar a fuego lento — cook over a low heat; ( apenas hirviendo) simmer

    4) (Mil) fire

    preparen, apunten fuego! — ready, aim, fire!

    •
    * * *
    fuego1
    1 = fire, flame, bonfire, heat, open fire.

    Ex: In the event of a serious accident (a fire, deliberate destruction, or a computer error) nothing will happen to the records vital to the operation of the library.

    Ex: The article 'Flames, fear, and loathing: learning about life on the Internet' considers issues surrounding flaming on the Internet, i.e. a critical message or angry response sent on the Internet.
    Ex: This is an outtake from Wolfe's follow up to his 1987 ' Bonfire of the Vanities'.
    Ex: When the pasta is halfway done, return the skillet with the sauce to a medium heat, adding the oregano, capers and olives.
    Ex: The first rotisseries were crude devices that allowed for food to be rotated manually while it cooked over an open fire.
    * acción contra el fuego = fire response.
    * a medio fuego = medium heat.
    * apagar el fuego = put out + the flames.
    * apagar un fuego = extinguish + fire, put down + fire.
    * apagar un fuego con los pies = stomp out + fire.
    * baño de fuego = baptism of fire.
    * bautismo de fuego = baptism of fire.
    * cocer a fuego lento = simmer.
    * como el fuego = like wildfire.
    * daño causado por el fuego = fire damage.
    * destruido completamente por el fuego = burnt out.
    * donde hay humo, hay fuego = there's no smoke without fire, where there's smoke there's fire.
    * echar leña al fuego = pour + oil on the flames.
    * extenderse como el fuego = spread like + wildfire.
    * fuego + apagar = fire + be out.
    * fuego arrasador = wildfire.
    * fuego + arrasar = fire + sweep through.
    * fuego de gas = gas ring, gas ring burner.
    * fuego del infierno = St. Anthony's fire.
    * fuego de San Antonio = St. Anthony's fire.
    * fuego + destruir = fire + destroy.
    * fuego + destruir por completo = fire + gut.
    * fuego fauto = will o' the wisp.
    * fuego incontrolado = wildfire.
    * fuego + iniciar = fire + break out.
    * fuego + prenderse = fire + break out.
    * fuego repentino = flash fire.
    * fuego sagrado = sacred fire.
    * fuegos artificiales = fireworks, firework display.
    * hervir a fuego lento = simmer.
    * hornillo de dos fuegos = double gas ring burner.
    * jugar con fuego = court + disaster, play with + fire, court + danger, flirt with + danger.
    * lengua de fuego = tongue of fire.
    * luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.
    * precaución contra el fuego = fire precaution.
    * prender fuego = set + Nombre + on fire, torch, ignite, set + ablaze, burn.
    * prenderle fuego a = set + fire to.
    * prenderse fuego = catch + fire, catch on + fire.
    * propagarse como el fuego = spread like + wildfire.
    * propenso al fuego = fire-prone.
    * prueba de fuego, la = acid test, the.
    * resistente al fuego = fire-resistant.
    * retardador del fuego = fire retardant.
    * sacar las castañas del fuego = sort out + the mess, pick up + the pieces.
    * sacarle las castañas del fuego a Alguien = pull + Posesivo + chestnuts out of the fire.
    * ser la prueba de fuego de Algo = test + Nombre + to the limit.

    fuego2
    2 = fire.

    Ex: The tanks led the way and the remaining infantrymen trailed behind, using the tanks, trees and road bank as cover from the fire coming from the city.

    * abrir fuego = open + fire.
    * alto del fuego = cease-fire.
    * arma de fuego = firearm.
    * arma (de fuego) prohibida = prohibited firearm.
    * cese del fuego = cease-fire, armistice.
    * coleccionista de armas de fuego = gun collector.
    * control de armas de fuego = gun control.
    * en la línea de fuego = in the hot seat, in the front line, on the front line.
    * entre dos fuegos = crossfire, pig(gy) in the middle.
    * fuego amigo = friendly fire.
    * fuego antiaéreo = flak [flack].
    * fuego cruzado = crossfire.
    * fuego de francotirador = sniper fire.
    * fuego de mortero = mortar fire.
    * fuego enemigo = enemy fire.
    * herida por arma de fuego = gunshot wound.
    * línea de fuego = firing line, front-line, line of fire.

    * * *
    A fire
    atizó el fuego she poked the fire
    ¡fuego! fire!
    necesitaron varias horas para sofocar el fuego it took them several hours to put out o extinguish the fire
    [ S ] está prohibido hacer fuego the lighting of fires is prohibited ( frml), no fires!
    le prendieron or pegaron fuego a la casa they set the house on fire, they set fire o light to the house
    prendió or pegó fuego a los archivos he set fire o light to the documents
    echar fuego por los ojos: estaba tan indignado que echaba fuego por los ojos his eyes blazed with indignation, his eyes were ablaze with indignation
    estar entre dos fuegos to be between the devil and the deep blue sea, be caught between a rock and a hard place ( colloq)
    jugar con fuego to play with fire
    Compuestos:
    will-o'-the-wisp, jack-o'-lantern, ignis fatuus
    ● fuegos artificiales or de artificio
    mpl fireworks (pl)
    B
    (para un cigarrillo): ¿me puede dar fuego, por favor?/¿tienes fuego? have you got o do you have a light, please?
    me pidió fuego he asked me for a light
    C ( Coc):
    cocinar a fuego lento durante una hora cook over a low heat o flame for an hour; (apenas hirviendo) simmer for an hour
    poner la sartén al fuego put the frying pan on to heat
    dejé la comida en el fuego y se quemó I left the food on (the stove) and it burned
    cocina de tres fuegos (de gas) a cooker with three rings o burners; (eléctrica) a cooker with three rings
    D ( Mil) fire
    preparen, apunten ¡fuego! ready, aim, fire!
    fuego a discreción fire at will
    la policía abrió fuego sobre los manifestantes the police opened fire on the demonstrators
    alto3 (↑ alto (3))
    Compuestos:
    crossfire
    friendly fire
    live ammunition
    E ( Andes fam) (en los labios) cold sore
    * * *

     

    fuego sustantivo masculino

    ◊ ¡fuego! fire!;

    le prendieron fuego a la casa they set the house on fire;
    abrieron fuego sobre los manifestantes they opened fire on the demonstrators;
    fuegos artificiales fireworks (pl)

    ◊ ¿me da fuego, por favor? have you got a light, please?

    c) (Coc):



    ( apenas hirviendo) to simmer;

    fuego sustantivo masculino
    1 fire
    2 (lumbre) light: ¿me podrías dar fuego, por favor?, have you got a light, please?
    3 (de una cocina) (de gas) burner
    (eléctrica) plate
    Culin a fuego lento, on a low flame 4 fuegos (artificiales), fireworks
    ♦ Locuciones: abrir/hacer fuego, to shoot, open fire
    estar en la línea de fuego, to be on the line of fire
    poner la mano en el fuego por alguien, to stick one's neck out for sb
    sacar las castañas del fuego, to do the dirty work o to get the job done
    entre dos fuegos, to be caught between a rock and a hard place
    ' fuego' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    apagar
    - arma
    - arrasar
    - arrimarse
    - atizar
    - avivar
    - bengala
    - carbonizarse
    - castaña
    - chimenea
    - cohete
    - discreción
    - disparar
    - encender
    - encenderse
    - extinguir
    - extinguirse
    - fatua
    - fatuo
    - fuelle
    - hornillo
    - humear
    - inflamar
    - inflamarse
    - jugar
    - leña
    - lenta
    - lento
    - pegar
    - prender
    - propagarse
    - prueba
    - quemar
    - quemadura
    - quemarse
    - resplandor
    - sangre
    - silenciador
    - soplar
    - tirar
    - voraz
    - abrir
    - acercar
    - alto
    - arrimar
    - astilla
    - calcinar
    - calor
    - candela
    - cese
    English:
    acid test
    - bail out
    - banger
    - barrel
    - beat out
    - body
    - boil over
    - bore
    - braise
    - burn
    - burner
    - ceasefire
    - come forward
    - cracker
    - crackle
    - crossfire
    - damp
    - die down
    - douse
    - fan
    - feed
    - fire
    - firearm
    - firing line
    - flak
    - flameproof
    - flare up
    - fuse
    - glow
    - glowing
    - go out
    - gun
    - gunfire
    - hammer
    - heat
    - hit
    - light
    - low
    - muzzle
    - naked
    - open
    - out
    - outlaw
    - play
    - poke
    - poker
    - put out
    - quench
    - recoil
    - rekindle
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [incandescencia] fire;
    pegar fuego a algo to set sth on fire, to set fire to sth;
    echar fuego por los ojos to look daggers;
    jugar con fuego to play with fire
    fuegos artificiales fireworks;
    fuego fatuo will-o'-the-wisp;
    fuego de San Telmo St Elmo's fire
    2. [hoguera] fire;
    atizar el fuego to poke the fire;
    hacer un fuego to make a fire
    3. [incendio] fire;
    los bomberos no pudieron controlar el fuego the firemen couldn't control the fire o blaze
    4. [para cigarrillo]
    pedir/dar fuego to ask for/give a light;
    ¿tiene fuego? have you got a light?
    5. [de cocina, fogón] ring, burner;
    [eléctrico] ring; [de vitrocerámica] ring;
    una cocina de cuatro fuegos a stove o Br cooker with four rings;
    poner el agua al fuego hasta que empiece a hervir heat the water until it starts to boil;
    a fuego lento/vivo [cocinar] over a low/high heat;
    apagar/bajar el fuego to turn off/lower the heat
    6. [disparos] fire;
    abrir o [m5] hacer fuego to fire, to open fire;
    romper el fuego to open fire;
    estar entre dos fuegos to be between the devil and the deep blue sea
    fuego cruzado crossfire
    7. [apasionamiento] passion, ardour;
    la distancia avivó el fuego de su pasión distance rekindled the fires of his passion;
    tenía fuego en la mirada his eyes blazed (with passion/anger)
    8. [sensación de ardor] heat, burning
    ♦ interj
    fire!
    * * *
    m
    1 fire;
    prender fuego a set fire to;
    jugar con fuego fig be playing with fire
    2
    :
    a fuego lento/vivo cocinar over a low/high heat o flame
    3
    :
    ¿tienes fuego? para cigarro do you have a light?
    4
    :
    abrir el fuego MIL open fire;
    estar entre dos fuegos fig be between a rock and a hard place
    * * *
    fuego nm
    1) : fire
    2) : light
    ¿tienes fuego?: have you got a light?
    3) : flame, burner (on a stove)
    4) : ardor, passion
    5) fogaje: skin eruption, cold sore
    6)
    * * *
    1. (en general) fire
    ¿tienes fuego? have you got a light?
    prender fuego a algo to set fire to something [pt. & pp. set]

    Spanish-English dictionary > fuego

  • 13 desengañarse

    1 (ver la verdad) to have one's eyes opened (de, about)
    2 (tener una decepción) to be disappointed
    3 (tener una desilusión) to become disillusioned, be let down
    * * *
    VPR
    1) (=desilusionarse) to become disillusioned (de about)
    2) (=decepcionarse) to be disappointed
    3) (=abrir los ojos) to see the light, see things as they really are

    ¡desengáñate! — wise up! *

    * * *
    = become + disillusioned, get real
    Ex. Some librarians become disillusioned and acquire negative attitudes toward the profession.
    Ex. The author of 'Let's get real about the presidential race' accuses both presidential candidates of not addressing the real issues affecting our economy.
    * * *
    = become + disillusioned, get real

    Ex: Some librarians become disillusioned and acquire negative attitudes toward the profession.

    Ex: The author of 'Let's get real about the presidential race' accuses both presidential candidates of not addressing the real issues affecting our economy.

    * * *

    ■desengañarse verbo reflexivo
    1 (ver la realidad) to open one's eyes, to face the facts: ¡desengáñate!, get real!
    2 to be disappointed: está desengañado de la vida, he's disappointed by life
    ' desengañarse' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    desengañar
    * * *
    vpr
    1. [perder la ilusión] to become disillusioned (de with);
    se desengañó de los estudios he could no longer see any point in his studies
    2. [dejar de engañarse]
    desengáñate stop kidding yourself;
    desengáñate, no te quiere don't fool yourself, he doesn't love you;
    desengáñese, los bancos lo que buscan es su dinero don't delude yourself, what the banks are after is your money
    * * *
    v/r
    1 become disillusioned (de with)
    2 ( dejar de engañarse) stop kidding o.s.
    * * *
    vr

    Spanish-English dictionary > desengañarse

  • 14 free

    1. adjective,
    1) frei

    get free — freikommen; sich befreien

    go free — (escape unpunished) straffrei ausgehen

    let somebody go free — (leave captivity) jemanden freilassen; (unpunished) jemanden freisprechen

    set free — freilassen; (fig.) erlösen

    free of something — (without) frei von etwas

    free of charge/cost — gebührenfrei/kostenlos

    free and easy — ungezwungen; locker (ugs.)

    give free rein to something — einer Sache (Dat.) freien Lauf lassen

    somebody is free to do something — es steht jemandem frei, etwas zu tun

    you're free to choose — du kannst frei [aus]wählen

    leave somebody free to do something — es jemandem ermöglichen, etwas zu tun

    feel free! — nur zu! (ugs.)

    feel free to correct me — du darfst mich gerne korrigieren

    it's a free country — (coll.) wir leben in einem freien Land

    free from pain/troubles — schmerz-/sorgenfrei

    3) (provided without payment) kostenlos; frei [Überfahrt, Unterkunft, Versand, Verpflegung]; Frei[karte, -exemplar, -fahrt]; Gratis[probe, -vorstellung]

    ‘admission free’ — "Eintritt frei"

    for free — (coll.) umsonst

    4) (not occupied, not reserved, not being used) frei

    free time — Freizeit, die

    he's free in the mornings — er hat morgens Zeit

    6) (frank, open) offen; freimütig
    7) (not strict) frei [Übersetzung, Interpretation, Bearbeitung usw.]
    2. adverb
    (without cost or payment) gratis; umsonst
    3. transitive verb
    (set at liberty) freilassen; (disentangle) befreien (of, from von)

    free somebody/oneself from — jemanden/sich befreien von [Tyrannei, Unterdrückung, Tradition]; jemanden/sich befreien aus [Gefängnis, Sklaverei, Umklammerung]

    free somebody/oneself of — jemanden/sich befreien od. freimachen von

    * * *
    [fri:] 1. adjective
    1) (allowed to move where one wants; not shut in, tied, fastened etc: The prison door opened, and he was a free man.) frei
    2) (not forced or persuaded to act, think, speak etc in a particular way: free speech; You are free to think what you like.) frei
    3) ((with with) generous: He is always free with his money/advice.) freigiebig
    4) (frank, open and ready to speak: a free manner.) frei
    5) (costing nothing: a free gift.) kostenlos
    6) (not working or having another appointment; not busy: I shall be free at five o'clock.) frei
    7) (not occupied, not in use: Is this table free?) frei
    8) ((with of or from) without or no longer having (especially something or someone unpleasant etc): She is free from pain now; free of charge.) ohne, frei
    2. verb
    1) (to make or set (someone) free: He freed all the prisoners.) freilassen, befreien
    2) ((with from or of) to rid or relieve (someone) of something: She was able to free herself from her debts by working at an additional job.) entlasten
    •
    - academic.ru/29289/freedom">freedom
    - freely
    - free-for-all
    - freehand
    - freehold
    - freelance     3. verb
    (to work in this way: He is freelancing now.) freiberuflich tätig sein
    - Freepost
    - free skating
    - free speech
    - free trade
    - freeway
    - freewheel
    - free will
    - a free hand
    - set free
    * * *
    [fri:]
    I. adj
    1. (not physically impeded) frei
    to break \free [of [or from] sth] ( also fig) sich akk [aus etw dat] befreien
    to break [or cut] \free [of [or from] sb] ( also fig) sich akk [von jdm] losreißen a. fig
    to roam/run \free frei herumlaufen
    to set sb/an animal \free ( also fig) jdn/ein Tier freilassen
    2. (not confined) frei
    she left the court a \free woman sie verließ das Gericht als freie Frau
    to go [or walk] \free straffrei ausgehen
    3. (not under compulsion) frei
    you are \free to come and go as you please Sie können kommen und gehen, wann Sie wollen
    you're \free to refuse es steht Ihnen frei abzulehnen
    am I \free to leave now? kann ich jetzt gehen?
    did you do this of your own \free will? haben Sie das aus freiem Willen getan?
    \free choice freie Wahl
    to feel \free sich dat keinen Zwang antun
    can I get myself a drink? — feel \free kann ich mir etwas zu trinken nehmen? — bedienen Sie sich nur
    feel \free to interrupt me unterbrechen Sie mich ruhig
    4. (without obstruction) frei
    \free movement of capital freier Kapitalverkehr
    \free movement of labour Freizügigkeit f für Arbeitnehmer und Selbstständige
    \free play MECH Spielraum m
    to allow [or give] one's emotions \free play [or \free play to one's emotions] seinen Gefühlen freien Lauf lassen
    5. (disposable) frei
    \free capital freies Kapital
    \free reserves freie Rücklagen
    6. POL elections, press frei
    it's a \free country! das ist ein freies Land!
    \free speech Redefreiheit f
    7. pred (rid of) frei (of/from von + dat)
    to be \free of [or from] a disease eine Krankheit nicht haben
    my doctor told me I would never be completely \free of the disease mein Arzt sagte mir, dass ich die Krankheit niemals ganz loswerden würde fam
    \free of charge kostenlos
    to be \free of [or from] customs/tax zoll-/steuerfrei sein
    \free of [or from] dirt schmutzfrei
    \free of pain schmerzfrei
    ▪ to be \free of sb jdn los sein fam
    8. inv (not attached or entangled) lose
    I want the bookcase to stand \free of the wall ich will, dass der Bücherschrank nicht an der Wand steht
    to get/pull sth \free etw freibekommen/losreißen
    to work [itself/sth] \free [sich/etw akk] lösen
    9. pred (not busy) person
    to leave sb \free to do sth es jdm ermöglichen, etw zu tun
    ▪ to be \free [to do sth] Zeit haben[, etw zu tun]
    I've got a \free evening next Monday ich habe nächsten Montag einen freien Abend
    \free time Freizeit f
    11. inv (not occupied) object frei; seat unbesetzt
    excuse me, is this seat \free? Entschuldigung, ist dieser Platz frei?
    if you take these bags that will give me a free hand to open the door wenn Sie diese Tüten nehmen, habe ich die Hand frei, um die Türe zu öffnen
    to leave sth \free etw freilassen
    12. inv (costing nothing) gratis, unentgeltlich
    admission is \free der Eintritt ist frei
    entrance is \free for pensioners Rentner haben freien Eintritt
    \free copy Freiexemplar nt
    \free issue STOCKEX Emission f von Gratisaktien
    \free ticket Freikarte f
    13. (generous) freigiebig
    ▪ to be \free with sth mit etw dat großzügig sein
    to make \free with sth mit etw dat großzügig umgehen
    don't her parents mind her making \free with their house while they're on holiday? haben ihre Eltern nichts dagegen, dass sie so frei über ihr Haus verfügt, während sie im Urlaub sind?
    14. (inexact) frei, nicht wörtlich
    \free translation freie Übersetzung
    15. (frank) offen; (casual) manners ungezwungen; ( pej) unverschämt
    16. (public) library öffentlich
    17. LIT, MUS, SPORT (not restricted by convention) frei
    \free section Kür f
    18. CHEM oxygen, radical frei, nicht gebunden
    19.
    ▶ to be as \free as the air [or a bird] frei wie ein Vogel sein
    ▶ the best things in life are \free ( saying) das Beste im Leben ist umsonst
    ▶ \free and easy entspannt, locker
    ▶ there's no such thing as a \free lunch nichts ist umsonst
    II. adv inv frei, gratis
    \free of charge kostenlos
    \free, gratis, and for nothing ( hum) gratis und umsonst
    for \free ( fam) gratis, umsonst
    III. vt
    1. (release)
    ▪ to \free sb/an animal jdn/ein Tier freilassen
    ▪ to \free sb/an animal [from sth] jdn/ein Tier [von [o aus] etw dat] befreien
    ▪ to \free sth [from sth] part of the body etw [von etw dat] frei machen
    he tried to \free his hands from the rope er versuchte, seine Hände aus dem Seil zu befreien
    ▪ to \free sb/sth/oneself from [or of] sth jdn/etw/sich von etw dat befreien [o frei machen]
    to \free sb from a contract jdn aus einem Vertrag entlassen
    3. (make available)
    ▪ to \free sth etw frei machen
    I need to \free the afternoon to write this report ich muss mir den Nachmittag frei machen, um diesen Bericht zu schreiben
    to \free funds Gelder flüssigmachen
    to \free a space Platz schaffen
    ▪ to \free sb to do sth jdm Freiraum geben, etw zu tun
    4. (loosen)
    ▪ to \free sth rusty bolt, cog, tap etw lösen
    we managed to \free the propeller from the rope wir konnten den Propeller vom Seil losmachen
    * * *
    [friː]
    1. adj (+er)
    1) (= at liberty, unrestricted) person, animal, state, activity, translation, choice frei

    you're free to go now — Sie können jetzt gehen(, wenn Sie wollen)

    I'm not free to do it — es steht mir nicht frei, es zu tun

    (do) feel free to help yourself/ask questions — nehmen Sie sich/fragen Sie ruhig

    feel free! (inf) — bitte, gern(e)!

    See:
    → rein
    2)

    (+prep) free from worry — sorgenfrei

    free from blame/responsibility — frei von Schuld/Verantwortung

    3) (= costing nothing) kostenlos, Gratis-; (COMM) gratis

    free, gratis and for nothing — gratis und umsonst

    4) (= not occupied) room, seat, hour, person frei

    I wasn't free earlier —

    5) (= lavish, profuse) großzügig, freigebig; (= licentious, improper) language, behaviour frei, lose; (= overfamiliar) plumpvertraulich
    2. vt
    prisoner (= release) freilassen; (= help escape) befreien; caged animal freilassen; nation befreien; (= untie) person losbinden; tangle (auf)lösen; pipe frei machen; rusty screw, caught fabric lösen; (= make available) person frei machen
    * * *
    free [friː]
    A adj (adv freely)
    1. allg frei:
    a) unabhängig
    b) selbstständig
    c) ungebunden
    d) ungehindert
    e) uneingeschränkt
    f) in Freiheit (befindlich):
    he left the court a free man, he walked free from court er verließ das Gericht als freier Mann;
    he’s always free SPORT er ist immer anspielbar;
    he is free to go, it is free for him to go es steht ihm frei zu gehen;
    please be free to ask questions Sie können gerne Fragen stellen;
    it’s ( oder this is) a free country umg ist das etwa verboten?, hier kann jeder tun und lassen, was er will;
    mind if I sit here? - it’s a free country ich kann dich nicht daran hindern;
    give sb a free hand jemandem freie Hand lassen; → set C 2, swing C 1, will2 A 3
    2. frei:
    a) unbeschäftigt:
    he is free after 5 o’clock
    b) ohne Verpflichtungen (Abend etc)
    c) nicht besetzt:
    3. frei:
    free practice (Motorsport) freies Training;
    free skating (Eis-, Rollkunstlauf) Kür(laufen) f(n);
    free skater Kürläufer(in);
    c) frei gestaltet (Version etc)
    4. (from, of) frei (von), ohne (akk):
    free of alcohol alkoholfrei;
    free of damage WIRTSCH unbeschädigt;
    free from error fehlerfrei;
    free from infection MED frei von ansteckenden Krankheiten;
    stay free of injury SPORT von Verletzungen verschont bleiben;
    free from prejudice ( oder bias) vorurteilsfrei, unvoreingenommen;
    the judge wasn’t free from prejudice JUR der Richter war befangen
    5. frei, befreit ( beide:
    from, of von):
    free from contradiction widerspruchsfrei;
    free of debt schuldenfrei;
    free from distortion TECH verzerrungsfrei;
    free of income tax einkommensteuerfrei;
    free of pain schmerzfrei;
    free of taxes steuerfrei;
    free and unencumbered JUR unbelastet, hypothekenfrei; → charge C 7
    6. gefeit, im’mun, gesichert ( alle:
    from gegen)
    7. CHEM nicht gebunden, frei
    8. los(e), frei:
    get one’s arm free seinen Arm freibekommen
    9. frei (stehend oder schwebend)
    10. ungezwungen, natürlich, unbefangen:
    11. a) offen(herzig), freimütig
    b) unverblümt
    c) dreist, plump-vertraulich:
    make free with sich Freiheiten herausnehmen gegen jemanden; sich (ungeniert) gütlich tun an einer Sache
    12. allzu frei:
    free talk lockere Reden pl
    13. freigebig, großzügig:
    be free with großzügig sein oder umgehen mit
    14. reichlich: → flow A 1
    15. leicht, flott, zügig
    16. a) (kosten-, gebühren)frei, kostenlos, unentgeltlich, gratis:
    free admission freier Eintritt;
    free copy Freiexemplar n;
    free fares pl Nulltarif m;
    free gift (Werbe)Geschenk n, Zugabe f;
    free sample Gratisprobe f;
    free ticket Freikarte f, BAHN etc Freifahrkarte f, -schein m;
    free transport Beförderung f zum Nulltarif;
    for free umg umsonst;
    get sth for free umg etwas geschenkt bekommen; → pass C 2 b
    b) TEL gebührenfrei, zum Nulltarif
    17. WIRTSCH frei (Handelsklausel):
    free alongside ship frei Längsseite Schiff;
    free on board frei an Bord;
    free on rail frei Waggon;
    free domicile frei Haus
    18. WIRTSCH zoll- oder genehmigungsfrei (Importe etc)
    19. WIRTSCH frei verfügbar (Vermögenswerte etc)
    20. öffentlich, allen zugänglich:
    free library Volksbücherei f;
    be (made) free of sth freien Zutritt zu etwas haben
    21. willig, bereit ( beide:
    to do zu tun)
    22. Turnen: ohne Geräte:
    free gymnastics Freiübungen
    23. (frei) beweglich:
    free balloon Freiballon m;
    be free of the harbo(u)r aus dem Hafen heraus sein
    24. TECH leer (Maschine):
    run free leerlaufen
    25. LING
    a) in einer offenen Silbe stehend (Vokal)
    b) frei, nicht fest (Wortakzent)
    B v/t
    1. befreien ( from von, aus) (auch fig):
    free o.s. sich befreien;
    free o.s. of sich frei machen von
    2. freilassen
    3. entlasten (from, of von)
    4. auch free up WIRTSCH Preise freigeben
    C adv allg frei:
    call us free on … rufen Sie uns gebührenfrei oder zum Nulltarif an unter …;
    go free SCHIFF raumschots segeln
    * * *
    1. adjective,
    1) frei

    get free — freikommen; sich befreien

    go free — (escape unpunished) straffrei ausgehen

    let somebody go free — (leave captivity) jemanden freilassen; (unpunished) jemanden freisprechen

    set free — freilassen; (fig.) erlösen

    free of something — (without) frei von etwas

    free of charge/cost — gebührenfrei/kostenlos

    free and easy — ungezwungen; locker (ugs.)

    give free rein to something — einer Sache (Dat.) freien Lauf lassen

    somebody is free to do something — es steht jemandem frei, etwas zu tun

    you're free to choose — du kannst frei [aus]wählen

    leave somebody free to do something — es jemandem ermöglichen, etwas zu tun

    feel free! — nur zu! (ugs.)

    it's a free country — (coll.) wir leben in einem freien Land

    free from pain/troubles — schmerz-/sorgenfrei

    3) (provided without payment) kostenlos; frei [Überfahrt, Unterkunft, Versand, Verpflegung]; Frei[karte, -exemplar, -fahrt]; Gratis[probe, -vorstellung]

    ‘admission free’ — "Eintritt frei"

    for free — (coll.) umsonst

    4) (not occupied, not reserved, not being used) frei

    free time — Freizeit, die

    6) (frank, open) offen; freimütig
    7) (not strict) frei [Übersetzung, Interpretation, Bearbeitung usw.]
    2. adverb
    (without cost or payment) gratis; umsonst
    3. transitive verb
    (set at liberty) freilassen; (disentangle) befreien (of, from von)

    free somebody/oneself from — jemanden/sich befreien von [Tyrannei, Unterdrückung, Tradition]; jemanden/sich befreien aus [Gefängnis, Sklaverei, Umklammerung]

    free somebody/oneself of — jemanden/sich befreien od. freimachen von

    * * *
    adj.
    frei adj.
    offenherzig adj.
    umsonst adj. (from) v.
    befreien (von) v. v.
    befreien v.
    freigeben v.

    English-german dictionary > free

  • 15 contenido

    adj.
    restrained, pent-up, temperate, moderate.
    m.
    1 contents.
    2 content.
    3 meaning, subject matter, purport.
    4 quantity or volume contained, content, volume, contents.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: contener.
    * * *
    1 content, contents plural
    ————————
    1→ link=contener contener
    1 (moderado) moderate, reserved
    1 content, contents plural
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [persona] restrained, controlled
    2) [risa, emoción] suppressed
    2. SM
    1) [de recipiente, paquete] contents pl
    2) [de programa, proyecto] content
    * * *
    I
    - da adjetivo self-controlled; ver tb contener
    II
    masculino (de recipiente, producto, mezcla) contents; (de libro, carta) content

    contenido: 20 grageas — contents: 20 tablets

    * * *
    I
    - da adjetivo self-controlled; ver tb contener
    II
    masculino (de recipiente, producto, mezcla) contents; (de libro, carta) content

    contenido: 20 grageas — contents: 20 tablets

    * * *
    contenido1
    1 = content, content(s), details, value, knowledge content, subject matter.

    Ex: An abstract is a concise and accurate representation of the contents of a document, in a style similar to that of the original document.

    Ex: Most of the memex contents are purchased on microfilm ready for insertion.
    Ex: With minimum authorization, details of the circulation and order records are not displayed.
    Ex: A good initial value for this field will start the system off with a good guess so that claims for missing issues are not unreasonable at the beginning.
    Ex: Knowledge level description is a proposal that emphasizes the knowledge content and usage and abstracts away implementation details.
    Ex: The librarian generally looks at the book's title, subtitle, preface, contents list, etc, in order to determine the subject matter.
    * a contenido enriquecido = content-enriched.
    * actualidad del contenido = currency.
    * análisis de contenido = content analysis, conceptual analysis.
    * análisis del contenido = document analysis, subject analysis, content analysis.
    * basado en la adquisición de contenidos teóricos = content based.
    * bloque funcional de análisis de contenido = subject analysis block.
    * con contenido enriquecido = content-enriched.
    * con mucho contenido = information packed [information-packed].
    * contenido de agua = moisture content.
    * contenido de humedad = moisture content.
    * contenido de la información = information content.
    * contenido del campo = field content.
    * contenido del documento = document content.
    * contenido digital = digital content.
    * contenido documental = document content.
    * contenido electrónico = electronic content [e-content].
    * contenido factual = factual content.
    * contenido intelectual = intellectual content.
    * contenido multimedia = multimedia content.
    * contenido temático = subject content, subject scope, knowledge content.
    * contenido web en formato RSS = RSS feed.
    * creador de contenido = content creator.
    * de bajo contenido en grasas = low fat.
    * de contenido enriquecido = content-enriched.
    * descripción del contenido = subject statement.
    * descriptivo del contenido = subject-descriptive.
    * descriptor del contenido = content descriptor.
    * directorio accesible por su contenido (cafs) = content-addressable file store (cafs).
    * distribución de contenido = content distribution, content delivery.
    * error de contenido = factual error.
    * filtrado de contenido = content filtering.
    * gestión del contenido = content management.
    * gestor de contenidos = content management software (CMS).
    * indicador de contenido = content designator.
    * indicativo del contenido = subject-descriptive.
    * índice de contenido = contents list, table of contents [ToC], contents table.
    * información sobre el contenido = subject information.
    * notas de contenido = contents notes.
    * obra de contenido general = general work.
    * orientado hacia el contenido = content-oriented.
    * palabra de contenido = content word.
    * palabra llena de contenido = substantive word.
    * recuperación de imágenes por el contenido = content-based image retrieval.
    * relación de contenido = contents notes.
    * representación del contenido = content representation.
    * representación del contenido temático = subject representation.
    * rico en contenido = content-rich.
    * rico en contenido temático = subject-rich.
    * ser de contenido + Adjetivo = be + Adjetivo + in content.
    * ser rico en contenido = be rich in content.
    * sin contenido = contentless, trivial.
    * tabla de contenido = table of contents [ToC].
    * tener un alto contenido de = be high in.
    * validez del contenido = content validity.

    contenido2
    2 = pent-up, bottled-up.

    Ex: They both exploded into laughter, thereby releasing the pent-up tension.

    Ex: The aim of therapy is the gentle release of bottled-up feelings.
    * risa contenida = titter.

    * * *
    contenido1 -da
    self-controlled ver tb contener
    A (de un recipiente, producto) contents (pl)
    verter el contenido en una jarra empty the contents into a jug
    revisaron el contenido de las cajas they checked the contents of the boxes
    [ S ] contenido: 20 grageas contains 20 tablets
    [ S ] contenido inflamable inflammable, contents inflammable
    contenido vitamínico vitamin content
    C (de una obra, un discurso) content
    un libro de alto contenido político y social a book with important political and social content
    el contenido ideológico de la obra the ideological content of the work
    D contenidos mpl ( Educ, Inf) content
    proveedor de contenidos content supplier
    * * *

    Del verbo contener: ( conjugate contener)

    contenido es:

    el participio

    Multiple Entries:
    contener    
    contenido
    contener ( conjugate contener) verbo transitivo
    a) [recipiente/producto/libro] to contain

    b) (parar, controlar) ‹infección/epidemia› to contain;

    ‹ tendencia› to curb;
    ‹ respiración› to hold;
    ‹risa/lágrimas› to contain (frml), to hold back;
    ‹invasión/revuelta› to contain
    contenerse verbo pronominal ( refl) to contain oneself;

    contenido sustantivo masculino (de recipiente, producto, mezcla) contents;

    (de libro, carta) content
    contener verbo transitivo
    1 to contain: ¿qué contiene esa caja?, what does that box contain?
    2 (refrenar una pasión) to hold back, restrain: ¡contén tus ansias de vengarte!, restrain your desire for revenge!
    contenido sustantivo masculino content, contents pl
    ' contenido' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    agitar
    - con
    - de
    - decir
    - desalentador
    - desalentadora
    - huera
    - huero
    - índice
    - jarro
    - plato
    - taza
    - tenor
    - vacía
    - vacío
    - botella
    - camión
    - copa
    - fondo
    - medida
    - miga
    - saco
    - vaciar
    - vaso
    English:
    content
    - cupful
    - dump
    - subject matter
    - video nasty
    - controlled
    - low
    - pent-up
    - rich
    - subject
    * * *
    1. [de recipiente, libro] contents;
    una bebida con un alto contenido alcohólico a drink with a high alcohol content
    2. [de discurso, redacción] content;
    un programa con alto contenido de violencia a programme containing a lot of violence
    3. Ling content
    * * *
    m content
    * * *
    contenido, -da adj
    : restrained, reserved
    : contents pl, content
    * * *
    contenido n contents

    Spanish-English dictionary > contenido

  • 16 negocio

    m.
    1 business (empresa).
    ¿cómo va el negocio? how's business?
    negocio familiar family business
    2 deal, (business) transaction.
    (buen) negocio good deal, bargain
    hacer negocio to do well
    ¡mal negocio! (figurative) that's a nasty business!
    negocio redondo great bargain, excellent deal
    negocio sucio shady deal, dirty business
    3 establishment, concern, business.
    4 gain.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: negociar.
    * * *
    1 (actividad) business
    2 (gestión) deal, transaction
    3 (asunto) affair
    4 (local) shop, US store
    \
    ¡bonito negocio hemos hecho! (con ironía) some deal that was!, some deal that turned out to be!
    hablar de negocios to talk business
    hacer negocio to make a profit
    hacer un buen negocio (comercialmente) to do a good deal 2 (gen) to do well
    * * *
    noun m.
    •
    - mujer de negocios
    * * *
    SM
    1) (Com, Econ) (=empresa) business; (=tienda) shop, store (EEUU)

    montar un negocio — to set up o start a business

    traspasar un negocio — to transfer a business, sell a business

    2) (=transacción) deal, transaction

    ¡hiciste un buen negocio! — iró that was a fine deal you did!

    un negocio redondo — a real bargain, a really good deal

    negocio sucio, negocio turbio — shady deal

    3) pl negocios (Com, Econ) business sing, trade sing

    hombre/mujer de negocios — businessman/businesswoman

    4) (=asunto) affair

    ¡mal negocio! — it looks bad!

    5) And, Cono Sur (=firma) firm, company; (=casa) place of business
    6) And, Caribe
    *

    el negocio — the fact, the truth

    pero el negocio es que... — but the fact is that...

    7) And (=cuento) tale, piece of gossip
    * * *
    a) ( empresa) business

    montar or poner un negocio — to set up a business

    b) ( transacción) deal
    c) (CS) ( tienda) store (AmE), shop (BrE)
    d) negocios masculino plural ( comercio) business
    e) (fam) ( asunto) business (colloq)
    * * *
    a) ( empresa) business

    montar or poner un negocio — to set up a business

    b) ( transacción) deal
    c) (CS) ( tienda) store (AmE), shop (BrE)
    d) negocios masculino plural ( comercio) business
    e) (fam) ( asunto) business (colloq)
    * * *
    negocio1
    1 = affair, business [businesses, -pl.], line of business, trade, business venture.

    Ex: And also until Groome appeared, newcomers were a nullity as an active political force, exerting little influence in city affairs.

    Ex: The treatise arose from Kaiser's work in indexing information relating to business and industry.
    Ex: The computer people are muscling in on our line of business and we can't stop them.
    Ex: Non-bibliographic data bases are particularly used for businesses and industry to extract information in the fields of business, economics, trade and commerce.
    Ex: In considering business ventures libraries should pay attention to the following considerations -- the library's mission, its capability, the financial impact, legal aspects, and professional and ethical issues.
    * asociación benéfica de hombres de negocios = Lions club.
    * dedicarse a un negocio = enter + a business.
    * de negocios = transactional.
    * economía de negocios = managerial economics.
    * emprender un negocio = take on + business venture.
    * escuela de negocios = business school.
    * gente de negocios = business people.
    * hacer negocio = make + business.
    * hacer negocios = do + business.
    * hacer un gran negocio = make + a killing.
    * hombre de negocios = businessman [businessmen, -pl.], entrepreneur.
    * hombres de negocios = business people.
    * llevar un negocio = conduct + a business.
    * magnate de los negocios = business leader, business magnate.
    * mundo de los negocios = business world, business environment.
    * negocio del ocio, el = entertainment industry, the.
    * negocio electrónico = online business.
    * negocio en línea = online business.
    * negocio internacional = international business.
    * negocio lucrativo = lucrative business.
    * negocio multimillonario = multibillion dollar business.
    * negocios = biz.
    * negocio sucio = monkey business.
    * orientado hacia los negocios = business-minded.
    * promocionar un negocio = drum up + business.
    * propuesta de negocios = business proposition.
    * quedarse sin negocio = go out of + business.
    * relacionado con los negocios = business-related.
    * reunión de negocios = business meeting.
    * sagacidad para los negocios = business acumen.
    * usuario del mundo de los negocios = business user.
    * visión para los negocios = business acumen.
    * volumen de negocios = turnover, stock turnover, turnover of stock.

    negocio2
    2 = business [businesses, -pl.], shop, outfit.

    Ex: To a small or mid-sized business, information is critical for effective planning, growth and development.

    Ex: In strong contrast to, say, television sets and instant coffee, where the consumer may save by shopping around, there is no advantage to be gained by going to one shop rather than another for a book so far as price is concerned.
    Ex: The author compares the advantages and disadvantages of buying from the larger established companies and smaller outfits.
    * base de datos de negocios = business database.
    * cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.
    * cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.
    * montar + Posesivo + propio negocio = set + Reflexivo + up in business.
    * negocio de venta de coches usados = used car business.
    * negocio familiar = family-run business.
    * obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.
    * pequeño negocio = small business.

    * * *
    1 (empresa) business
    montó or puso un negocio de compraventa de coches he set up a used-car dealership, he set up in business buying and selling cars
    [ S ] traspaso negocio de vinos wine business for sale
    esto de la compraventa de apartamentos es un negocio there's a lot of money to be made buying and selling apartments
    hicimos un buen negocio we made o did a good deal
    hizo un negocio redondo con la venta de la casa he made a fortune when he sold the house
    hacer negocio to make money
    3 (CS) (tienda) store ( AmE), shop ( BrE)
    en ese barrio no hay negocios there are no stores o shops in that area
    dejó la enseñanza para dedicarse a los negocios he gave up teaching to go into business
    hablar de negocios to talk business
    en el mundo de los negocios in the business world
    5 ( Chi fam) (asunto) business ( colloq)
    * * *

     

    Del verbo negociar: ( conjugate negociar)

    negocio es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    negoció es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    negociar    
    negocio
    negociar ( conjugate negociar) verbo transitivo/intransitivo
    to negotiate
    negocio sustantivo masculino
    a) (Com) business;

    montar or poner un negocio to set up a business;

    hablar de negocios to talk business;
    en el mundo de los negocios in the business world


    c) (CS) ( tienda) store (AmE), shop (BrE)

    d) (fam) ( asunto) business (colloq)

    negociar
    I vtr (acordar, tratar) to negotiate: negociamos con él la compra de las acciones, we negotiated the purchase of the shares with him
    están negociando la subida de las pensiones, they are negotiating a rise in pensions
    II vi (traficar, comerciar) to do business, deal: negocia con ropa usada, he deals in second-hand clothes
    negocio sustantivo masculino
    1 Com Fin business: esa venta fue un mal negocio, that sale was a bad deal
    2 (asunto) affair: no sé en qué negocios anda, I don't know what type of business he's involved in
    3 (tienda, empresa) su padre tiene un negocio de restauración de muebles, his father's got a furniture restoring business
    ♦ Locuciones: hacer negocio, to make a profit: mal negocio vas a hacer si no les cobras a los amigos, you're not going to do very good business if you don't charge your friends
    ' negocio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abocada
    - abocado
    - acondicionada
    - acondicionado
    - activar
    - ampliar
    - ampliación
    - bancarrota
    - camelar
    - cerrar
    - chanchullo
    - cierre
    - contabilidad
    - dirigir
    - dirigente
    - embarcarse
    - entablar
    - estimativa
    - estimativo
    - evolución
    - filón
    - floreciente
    - fraudulenta
    - fraudulento
    - fundar
    - gárgaras
    - gestión
    - honrada
    - honrado
    - hundirse
    - liquidación
    - llevar
    - local
    - lucrativa
    - lucrativo
    - montar
    - naufragar
    - pantalla
    - patrón
    - patrona
    - patrono
    - peligrar
    - pique
    - poner
    - redonda
    - redondo
    - reflotar
    - regentar
    - regente
    - regir
    English:
    attend to
    - backing
    - bootstrap
    - bust
    - buy out
    - carry on
    - close down
    - concern
    - control
    - decline
    - enterprise
    - established
    - expand
    - fail
    - flourishing
    - founder
    - funny business
    - going
    - handle
    - injection
    - invest
    - keep
    - lucrative
    - mine
    - nourish
    - open up
    - operate
    - patronize
    - shady
    - shop
    - show
    - shut down
    - shut up
    - slacken off
    - sluggish
    - start
    - start up
    - stock
    - stumbling-block
    - successful
    - big
    - business
    - engaged
    - killing
    * * *
    1. [empresa] business;
    tiene un negocio de electrodomésticos he has an electrical appliance business;
    ¿cómo va el negocio? how's business?
    negocio familiar family business
    2.
    negocios [actividad] business;
    el mundo de los negocios the business world;
    un viaje de negocios a business trip;
    se dedica a los negocios he's in business;
    hacer negocios con to do business with;
    3. [transacción] deal, (business) transaction;
    hacer negocio to do well;
    negocio redondo great bargain, excellent deal
    4. [ocupación] business;
    ¡ocúpate de tus negocios! mind your own business!;
    ¿en qué negocios andas metido? what are you involved in now?;
    ¡mal negocio! that's a nasty business!;
    negocio sucio shady deal, dirty business
    5. RP [tienda] store
    * * *
    m
    1 business
    2 ( trato) deal
    * * *
    1) : business, place of business
    2) : deal, transaction
    3) negocios nmpl
    : commerce, trade, business
    * * *
    1. (comercio, actividad) business [pl. businesses]
    2. (trato) deal

    Spanish-English dictionary > negocio

  • 17 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 18 касаться

    гл. —
    1. to touch; 2. to feel; 3. to run one's hand over/along; 4. to concern; 5. to have smth to do with; 6. with regard to; 7. to deal; 8. as to/as regards/ as far as smth is concerned
    Значение русского глагола касаться относится как к физическому контакту, так и к сфере интеллектуальной деятельности. Английские эквиваленты различают физическую и интеллектуальную сферы, а также различаются по структурной роли в предложении и принадлежат к разным частям речи.
    1. to touch — (глагол to touch многозначен, и его значения, как и значения русского глагола касаться, относятся к разным сферам человеческой деятельности и соответствуют разным значениям русского глагола): a) касаться, коснуться, дотронуться: to touch smb, smth —дотронуться до кого-либо, чего-либо/коснуться кого-либо, чего-либо I could feel someone touching my shoulder. — Я почувствовал, что кто-то дотронулся до моего плеча./Я почувствовал, как кто-то коснулся моего плеча. She touched the button and the electronic gate opened. — Она нажала на кнопку, и автоматические ворота открылись. Andy would never let you drive his car, he goes mad if anyone touches it. — Энди никогда не позволит тебе ездить на его машине, он с ума сходит, когда кто-нибудь дотрагивается до нее. She touched me on the arm. — Она коснулась моей руки. Не touched the cat with his hand. — Он дотронулся до кота ( рукой). I put the cards together on the table so that the edges were just touching. — Я положил карты на стол так, чтобы их края только касались друг друга. Do not touch the wire or you will get electrocuting. — Смотри, не коснись провода, а то тебя ударит током. Не drew me closer until our bodies were touching. — Он притянул меня к себе поближе, так что наши тела касались друг друга. Don't touch me! — Не трогай меня! b) затрагивать, коснуться (вопроса, проблемы): to touch upon smth — затрагивать что-либо; to touch upon the problem (plan, subject) — касаться проблемы (вопроса, темы) In his report he did not touch upon the issue of emigration. — В своем докладе он не касался проблем эмиграции. Не only touched upon the problem but did not go into detail. — Он только коснулся этой проблемы, но не вдавался в подробности/детали. There is one factor we haven't touched upon. — Есть еще один фактор, которого мы не коснулись/который мы не затронули.
    2. to feel — касаться, дотронуться, ощутить, ощупывать (дотронуться слегка, чтобы только почувствовать или определить, что это такое): Feel how soft this material is. — Пощупай, какой это мягкий материал. Doctor Vane fell Freddy's forehead to see if he was running high temperature. — Доктор Вейн дотронулся до лба Фредди, чтобы определить, нет ли у него высокой температуры./Доктор Вейн потрогал лоб у Фредди, чтобы определить, нет ли у него высокой температуры. She felt the radiator: «It is cold, the boiler must have come out again». — Она коснулась радиатора: «Радиатор холодный, скорее всего котел вышел из строя»./Она дотронулась до радиатора: «Радиатор холодный, наверное котел вышел из строя». The stones felt rough and warm under my feet. — Камни под ногами на ощупь были острыми и теплыми. I am not sure what sort of material it is, it feels kind of wax. — Я не уверен из какого материала это сделано, но на ощупь это похоже на воск.
    3. to run one's hand over/along — провести рукой по чему-либо: She ran her hand along the cat's back, feeling its soft fur. — Она провела рукой по спине кота, ощущая его мягкий мех. Blind people read by running their fingers over a series of the raised dots, called Braille. — Слепые читают, проводя пальцами по выпуклым точкам, которые называют алфавитом Брайля.
    4. to concern — касаться, иметь отношение к…. относиться (упоминать о том, что произошло или могло быть объектом или субъектом происходящего): as far as 1 am concerned — что касается меня Much of the material in these early letters concerns events that happened some years ago. — Значительная часть материала в этих ранних письмах касается событий, которые произошли несколько лет тому назад. One of the remarkable stories about him concerns his first performance at the theatre. — Одна из примечательных историй о нем касается его первого выступления в театре. I have no complaints, as far as I'm concerned everything was all right. — У меня нет никаких жалоб, по-моему все было прекрасно. I don't enjoy travelling, I am afraid, as far as I am concerned, it would just be a waste of money. — Я не получаю никакого удовольствия от путешествий, по-моему, это пустая трата денег. Don't worry, the accusation doesn't concern you. — He волнуйся, обвинение тебя не касается. The story concerns a man who was a friend of mine. — Этот рассказ касается человека, который был моим другом. My past doesn't concern you. — Мое прошлое не имеет к вам никакого отношения. These changes concern everyone who has children of school age. — Эти изменения касаются всех, у кого есть дети школьного возраста.
    5. to have smth to do with — касаться, иметь отношение к… (быть связанным с чем-либо, кем-либо каким-либо образом, хотя может быть неясно, как конкретно связаны объекты): to have nothing to do with smth, smb — не касаться чего-либо, кого-либо/не иметь никакого отношения к чему-либо, кому-либо It has nothing to do with him. — Это его не касается./Он к этому не имеет никакого отношения. I am not aware what her job is, but it is something to do with marketing. — Я не имею понятия, какая у нее работа, но она имеет какое-то отношение к маркетингу/Я не имею понятия, какая у нее работа, но она как-то связана с маркетингом. Harry is going into hospital tomorrow it is something to do with his leg, I think. — Гарри завтра ложится в больницу, мне кажется, это связано с его ногой/касается его ноги. His decision to move overseas has a lot to do with his financial problems. — Его решение уехать за границу связано с его финансовыми трудностями.
    6. with regard to — в отношении, касательно (слово официального стиля речи для указания вопроса или темы, которую вводят для обсуждения или доклада): With regard to the matter of unemployment, I would like to add a few remarks to what was said by the previous speaker. — Что касается проблемы безработицы, мне бы хотелось добавить несколько замечаний к тому, что было сказано предыдущим оратором. With regard to your letter concerning my January payment, this matter has now been settled. — Что касается вашего письма относительно моей январской зарплаты, то этот вопрос уже улажен.
    7. to deal — касаться, иметь дело с… (описывает или трактует какой-либо вопрос, проблему, тему и т. п.): to deal with smth. — касаться чего-либо/затрагивать что-либо; to deal with a problem — рассматривать проблему/заниматься проблемой These ideas are dealt with more fully in chapter four. — Эти идеи более подробно рассматриваются в четвертой главе./Четвертая глава более подробно касается этих идей.
    8. as to/as regards/as far as smth is concerned — что касается этого, насчет: as to me — что касается меня As for her, I want lo see her never again. — Что до нее, я не хочу ее больше видеть./Что касается ее, я не хочу ее больше видеть. She said nothing as to the salary. — Она ничего не сказала насчет зарплаты/о зарплате. As regards the environmental issues, the government will enforce extreme regulation. — Что касается вопросов охраны окружающей среды, правительство ужесточает существующие правила.

    Русско-английский объяснительный словарь > касаться

  • 19 push

    push [pʊʃ]
    poussée ⇒ 1 (a) mot d'encouragement ⇒ 1 (b) effort ⇒ 1 (e) pousser ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (d), 3 (a) enfoncer ⇒ 2 (a) appuyer (sur) ⇒ 2 (b), 3 (b) forcer ⇒ 2 (d) prôner ⇒ 2 (e) avancer ⇒ 3 (c)
    1 noun
    (a) (shove) poussée f;
    ∎ to give sb/sth a push pousser qn/qch;
    ∎ the door opens at the push of a button il suffit d'appuyer sur un bouton pour que la porte s'ouvre;
    ∎ he expects these things to happen at the push of a button il s'attend à ce que ça se fasse sur commande
    (b) (encouragement) mot m d'encouragement;
    ∎ he'll do it, but he needs a little push il le fera, mais il a besoin qu'on le pousse un peu;
    ∎ he just needs a push in the right direction il a juste besoin qu'on le mette sur la bonne voie
    ∎ he got the push (from job) il s'est fait virer; (from relationship) il s'est fait plaquer
    ∎ when it comes to the push, when push comes to shove au moment critique ou crucial□ ;
    ∎ I can lend you the money if it comes to the push au pire, je pourrai vous prêter l'argent□ ;
    ∎ if it comes to the push, he'll choose Sarah not Gillian s'il fallait qu'il choisisse, il prendrait Sarah et pas Gillian□ ;
    ∎ at a push à la limite□ ;
    ∎ I can do it at a push je peux le faire si c'est vraiment nécessaire□
    (e) (effort) effort m, coup m de collier; (campaign) campagne f;
    ∎ the final push for the summit le dernier effort pour atteindre le sommet;
    ∎ to make a push for change lutter pour le changement;
    ∎ the club's push for promotion les efforts soutenus du club pour être promu;
    ∎ a sales push une campagne de promotion des ventes;
    ∎ the push towards protectionism is gathering strength la tendance au protectionnisme se renforce
    (f) Military (advance) poussée f;
    ∎ the platoon made a push to capture the airfield la section a fait une poussée pour s'emparer de l'aérodrome
    (g) (drive, dynamism) dynamisme m;
    ∎ he has a lot of push il est très dynamique
    (h) (billiards) coup m queuté
    (i) Australian familiar (gang) bande f, clique f
    (a) (shove, propel) pousser; (thrust) enfoncer;
    ∎ she pushed the door open/shut elle ouvrit/ferma la porte (en la poussant);
    ∎ he pushed her onto the chair/into the room il la poussa sur la chaise/(pour la faire entrer) dans la pièce;
    ∎ to push sb into a corner acculer qn;
    ∎ to push sb out of the way écarter qn;
    ∎ don't push (me)! ne (me) poussez pas!, ne (me) bousculez pas!;
    ∎ a man was pushed out of the window quelqu'un a poussé un homme par la fenêtre;
    ∎ figurative did he fall or was he pushed? il est tombé ou on l'a poussé?;
    ∎ did he leave or was he pushed? (from job) il est parti de lui-même ou on l'y a poussé?;
    ∎ push all that mess under the bed pousse tout ce bazar sous le lit;
    ∎ he pushed the branches apart il a écarté les branches;
    ∎ she pushed her way to the bar elle se fraya un chemin jusqu'au bar;
    ∎ push one tube into the other enfoncez un tube dans l'autre;
    ∎ he pushed a gun into my ribs il m'enfonça un revolver dans les côtes;
    ∎ she pushed the cork into the bottle elle enfonça le bouchon dans la bouteille;
    ∎ he pushed his hands into his pockets il enfonça ses mains dans ses poches;
    ∎ to push an attack home pousser à fond une attaque;
    ∎ to push home one's advantage tirer le meilleur parti possible de son avantage
    (b) (press → doorbell, pedal, button) appuyer sur
    ∎ it will push inflation upwards cela va relancer l'inflation;
    ∎ the crisis is pushing the country towards chaos la crise entraîne le pays vers le chaos;
    ∎ he is pushing the party to the right il fait glisser le parti vers la droite;
    ∎ buying the car will push us even further into debt en achetant cette voiture, nous allons nous endetter encore plus;
    ∎ economic conditions have pushed the peasants off the land les paysans ont été chassés des campagnes par les conditions économiques
    (d) (pressurize) pousser; (force) forcer, obliger, contraindre;
    ∎ to push sb to do sth pousser qn à faire qch;
    ∎ to push sb into doing sth forcer ou obliger qn à faire qch;
    ∎ his parents pushed him to become a doctor ses parents l'ont poussé à devenir médecin;
    ∎ her teacher pushed her in Latin son professeur l'a poussée à travailler en latin;
    ∎ he needs pushing il faut toujours le pousser;
    ∎ their coach doesn't push them hard enough leur entraîneur ne les pousse pas assez;
    ∎ I like to push myself hard j'aime me donner à fond;
    ∎ he pushed the car to its limits il a poussé la voiture à la limite de ses possibilités;
    ∎ you're still weak, so don't push yourself tu es encore faible, vas-y doucement;
    ∎ he won't do it if he's pushed too hard il ne le fera pas si l'on insiste trop;
    ∎ don't push him too far ne le poussez pas à bout;
    ∎ I won't be pushed, I need time to think it over! je ne me laisserai pas bousculer, j'ai besoin de temps pour y réfléchir!;
    ∎ when I pushed her, she admitted it quand j'ai insisté, elle a avoué;
    ∎ he keeps pushing me for the rent il me relance sans cesse au sujet du loyer;
    ∎ familiar don't push your luck! n'exagère pas!
    (e) (advocate, argue for → idea, method) prôner, préconiser; (promote → product) promouvoir;
    ∎ he's trying to push his own point of view il essaie d'imposer son point de vue personnel;
    ∎ the mayor is pushing his town as the best site for the conference le maire présente sa ville comme le meilleur endroit pour tenir la conférence;
    ∎ the government is pushing the idea of people setting up small businesses le gouvernement favorise la création de petites entreprises;
    ∎ he's pushing himself as a compromise candidate il se présente comme le candidat du compromis;
    ∎ there are so many adverts pushing beauty products il y a tellement de publicités pour des produits de beauté
    (f) (stretch, exaggerate → argument, case) présenter avec insistance, insister sur;
    ∎ if we push the comparison a little further si on pousse la comparaison un peu plus loin;
    ∎ familiar that's pushing it a bit! (going too far) c'est un peu exagéré!;
    ∎ I'll try to arrive by 7 p.m. but it's pushing it a bit je tâcherai d'arriver à 19 heures, mais ça va être juste□
    (g) familiar (sell → drugs) revendre□, dealer
    ∎ to be pushing thirty friser la trentaine;
    ∎ the car was pushing 100 mph ≃ la voiture frisait les 160
    ∎ to push shares placer des valeurs douteuses
    (a) (shove) pousser;
    ∎ to push against sth pousser qch;
    ∎ no pushing please! ne poussez pas, s'il vous plaît!;
    ∎ push (on door) poussez;
    ∎ people were pushing to get in les gens se bousculaient pour entrer;
    ∎ he pushed through the crowd to the bar il s'est frayé un chemin jusqu'au bar à travers la foule;
    ∎ somebody pushed past me quelqu'un est passé en me bousculant;
    ∎ we'll have to get out and push il va falloir descendre pousser
    (b) (press → on button, bell, knob) appuyer
    (c) (advance) avancer;
    ∎ the army pushed towards the border l'armée a avancé jusqu'à la frontière;
    ∎ the country is pushing towards democracy le pays évolue vers la démocratie
    (d) (extend → path, fence) s'étendre;
    ∎ the road pushed deep into the hills la route s'enfonçait dans les collines
    ►► push button bouton-poussoir m;
    Commerce push money prime f au vendeur;
    Marketing push strategy stratégie f push;
    push stroke (in billiards, snooker) coup m queuté;
    Computing push technology technologie f du push de données
    (a) (physically) malmener;
    ∎ he didn't hit her but he was pushing her about il ne l'a pas frappée mais il la malmenait
    (b) familiar (bully) marcher sur les pieds à;
    ∎ I won't be pushed about! je ne vais pas me laisser marcher sur les pieds!
    (a) (continue) continuer, persévérer;
    ∎ to push ahead with the work poursuivre les travaux;
    ∎ they decided to push ahead with the plans to extend the school ils ont décidé d'activer les projets d'extension de l'école
    (b) (advance) avancer, progresser ( with dans);
    ∎ research is pushing ahead les recherches avancent
    (trolley, pram) pousser (devant soi)
    familiar (leave) filer;
    ∎ I'll be pushing along now bon, il est temps que je file
    (a) (objects) pousser, écarter
    (b) (reject → proposal) écarter, rejeter;
    ∎ issues which have been pushed aside des questions qui ont été volontairement écartées;
    ∎ you can't just push aside the problem like that vous ne pouvez pas faire comme si le problème n'existait pas;
    ∎ I pushed my doubts aside je n'ai pas tenu compte de mes doutes
    repousser;
    ∎ she pushed my hand away elle repoussa ma main;
    ∎ he pushed his chair away from the fire il éloigna sa chaise du feu
    (a) (person) repousser (en arrière); (crowd) faire reculer, refouler; (curtains) écarter; (bedclothes) rejeter, repousser;
    ∎ he pushed me back from the door il m'a éloigné de la porte
    (b) (repulse → troops) repousser;
    ∎ the enemy was pushed back ten miles/to the river l'ennemi a été repoussé d'une quinzaine de kilomètres/jusqu'à la rivière
    (c) (postpone) repousser;
    ∎ the meeting has been pushed back to Friday la réunion a été repoussée à vendredi
    (a) (lever, handle, switch) abaisser; (pedal) appuyer sur;
    ∎ she pushed the clothes down in the bag elle a tassé les vêtements dans le sac;
    ∎ he pushed down the lid but it wouldn't shut il a appuyé sur le couvercle mais il ne voulait pas fermer
    (b) (knock over) renverser, faire tomber
    (c) (prices) faire baisser
    (pedal, lever) s'abaisser; (person → on pedal, lever) appuyer (on sur)
    (argue for) demander; (campaign for) faire campagne pour;
    ∎ some ministers were pushing for more monetarist policies certains ministres demandaient une politique plus monétariste;
    ∎ to push for a 35-hour week demander la semaine de 35 heures;
    ∎ I'm going to push for a bigger budget je vais faire tout ce qui est en mon pouvoir pour obtenir un budget plus important;
    ∎ the unions are pushing for 10 percent les syndicats font pression pour obtenir 10 pour cent;
    ∎ to push for a decision exiger qu'une décision soit prise
    pousser (en avant);
    ∎ he was pushed forward by the crowd la foule l'a poussé en avant;
    ∎ figurative to push oneself forward se mettre en avant, se faire valoir
    (a) (advance → person, car) avancer; (→ crowd, herd) se presser en avant
    ➲ push in
    (a) (drawer) pousser; (electric plug, key) enfoncer, introduire; (disk) insérer; (knife, stake, spade) enfoncer; (button, switch) appuyer sur;
    ∎ push the button right in appuyer à fond sur le bouton
    ∎ they pushed me in the water ils m'ont poussé dans l'eau;
    ∎ he opened the door and pushed me in il ouvrit la porte et me poussa à l'intérieur
    (c) (break down → panel, cardboard) enfoncer;
    ∎ the door had been pushed in la porte avait été enfoncée
    ∎ no pushing in! faites la queue!;
    ∎ she's always pushing in where she's not wanted il faut toujours qu'elle s'immisce ou s'impose là où on ne veut pas d'elle
    (a) (knock off) faire tomber;
    ∎ they pushed me off the ladder ils m'ont fait tomber de l'échelle;
    ∎ I pushed him off the chair je l'ai fait tomber de sa chaise
    (b) (boat) déborder
    (c) (remove) pousser;
    ∎ push the lid off soulève le couvercle;
    ∎ they tried to push her (car) off the road ils ont essayé de faire sortir sa voiture de la route;
    ∎ to push sb off a committee exclure ou écarter qn d'un comité
    (a) familiar (go away) filer, mettre les bouts;
    ∎ time for me to push off il faut que je file;
    ∎ push off! de l'air!, dégage!
    (b) (in boat) pousser au large
    ➲ push on
    ∎ (urge on) to push sb on to do sth pousser ou inciter qn à faire qch
    (on journey → set off again) reprendre la route, se remettre en route; (→ continue) poursuivre ou continuer son chemin; (keep working) continuer, persévérer;
    ∎ let's push on to Dundee poussons jusqu'à Dundee;
    ∎ they're pushing on with the reforms ils poursuivent leurs efforts pour faire passer les réformes
    (a) (person, object) pousser dehors;
    ∎ they pushed the car out of the mud ils ont désembourbé la voiture en la poussant;
    ∎ the bed had been pushed out from the wall le lit avait été écarté du mur;
    ∎ to push one's way out se frayer un chemin vers la sortie;
    ∎ to push the boat out déborder l'embarcation; figurative faire la fête
    (b) (stick out → hand, leg) tendre
    (c) (grow → roots, shoots) faire, produire
    (d) (oust) évincer; (dismiss from job) mettre à la porte;
    ∎ we've been pushed out of the Japanese market nous avons été évincés du marché japonais
    (e) familiar (churn out → articles, books) produire à la chaîne□, pondre en série□
    (appear → roots, leaves) pousser; (→ snowdrops, tulips) pointer
    (a) (pass → across table, floor) pousser;
    ∎ he pushed the book over to me il poussa le livre vers moi
    (b) (knock over) faire tomber, renverser; (from ledge, bridge) pousser, faire tomber;
    ∎ many cars had been pushed over onto their sides beaucoup de voitures avaient été renversées sur le côté
    (a) (project, decision) faire accepter; (deal) conclure; (bill, budget) réussir à faire voter ou passer
    (b) (thrust → needle) passer;
    ∎ she eventually managed to push her way through (the crowd) elle réussit finalement à se frayer un chemin (à travers la foule)
    (car, person) se frayer un chemin; (troops, army) avancer
    (door, drawer) fermer
    (a) (push upwards → handle, lever) remonter, relever; (→ sleeves) remonter, retrousser;
    ∎ familiar he's pushing up (the) daisies il mange les pissenlits par la racine
    (b) (increase → taxes, sales, demand) augmenter; (→ prices, costs, statistics) faire monter;
    ∎ the effect will be to push interest rates up cela aura pour effet de faire grimper les taux d'intérêt

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > push

  • 20 wide

    wide [waɪd]
    (a) (broad) large;
    ∎ how wide is it? cela fait combien (de mètres) de large?, quelle largeur ça fait?;
    ∎ do you know how wide it is? savez-vous combien ça fait de large?;
    ∎ the road is thirty metres wide la route fait trente mètres de large;
    ∎ they're making the street wider ils élargissent la route;
    ∎ wide hips/shoulders hanches/épaules larges;
    ∎ a wide forehead un large front;
    ∎ he gave a wide grin il a fait un large sourire;
    ∎ there are wider issues at stake here des problèmes plus vastes sont ici en jeu;
    ∎ we need to see the problem in a wider context il faut que nous envisagions le problème dans un contexte plus général;
    ∎ I'm using the word in its widest sense j'emploie ce mot au sens le plus large;
    ∎ to disappear into the wide blue yonder disparaître, s'évanouir dans la nature
    (b) (fully open → eyes) grand ouvert;
    ∎ she watched with wide eyes elle regardait les yeux grands ouverts;
    ∎ his eyes were wide with terror ses yeux étaient agrandis par l'épouvante
    (c) (extensive, vast) étendu, vaste;
    ∎ a wide plain une vaste plaine;
    ∎ to travel the wide world parcourir le vaste monde;
    ∎ she has wide experience in this area elle a une longue ou une grande expérience dans ce domaine;
    ∎ he has very wide interests il a des centres d'intérêt très larges;
    ∎ he has a wide knowledge of music il a de vastes connaissances ou des connaissances approfondies en musique;
    ∎ there are wide gaps in her knowledge il y a des lacunes importantes dans ses connaissances;
    ∎ the incident received wide publicity l'événement a été largement couvert par les médias;
    ∎ Commerce a wide range of products une gamme importante de produits;
    ∎ a wide range of views was expressed des points de vue très différents furent exprimés;
    ∎ a wide variety of colours un grand choix de couleurs
    (d) (large → difference)
    ∎ the gap between rich and poor remains wide l'écart (existant) entre les riches et les pauvres demeure considérable
    ∎ the ball was wide la balle est passée à côté;
    ∎ the shot was wide le coup est passé à côté;
    ∎ British to be wide of the mark rater ou être passé loin de la cible; figurative être loin de la vérité ou du compte
    ∎ open (your mouth) wide ouvrez grand votre bouche;
    ∎ she opened the windows wide elle ouvrit les fenêtres en grand;
    ∎ he flung his arms wide il a ouvert grand les bras;
    ∎ place your feet wide apart écartez bien les pieds
    (b) (away from target) à côté;
    ∎ the missile went wide le missile est tombé à côté
    3 noun
    (in cricket) balle f écartée ou qui passe hors de la portée du batteur
    ►► Computing wide area network réseau m longue distance;
    British familiar pejorative wide boy escroc□ m, fricoteur m;
    Cinema wide screen grand écran m, écran m panoramique

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > wide

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